HbtR, a Heterofunctional Homolog of the Virulence Regulator TcpP, Facilitates the Transition between Symbiotic and Planktonic Lifestyles in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio fischeri</named-content>

ABSTRACT The bioluminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri forms a mutually beneficial symbiosis with the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes, in which the bacteria, housed inside a specialized light organ, produce light used by the squid in its nocturnal activities. Upon hatching, E. scolopes juve...

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Autores principales:	Brittany D. Bennett, Tara Essock-Burns, Edward G. Ruby
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	Aliivibrio chemotaxis exopolysaccharide gene regulation luminescence symbiosis Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2b608dc030424f448c442aded0b213ea
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2b608dc030424f448c442aded0b213ea2021-11-15T16:19:08ZHbtR, a Heterofunctional Homolog of the Virulence Regulator TcpP, Facilitates the Transition between Symbiotic and Planktonic Lifestyles in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio fischeri</named-content>10.1128/mBio.01624-202150-7511https://doaj.org/article/2b608dc030424f448c442aded0b213ea2020-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01624-20https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT The bioluminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri forms a mutually beneficial symbiosis with the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes, in which the bacteria, housed inside a specialized light organ, produce light used by the squid in its nocturnal activities. Upon hatching, E. scolopes juveniles acquire V. fischeri from the seawater through a complex process that requires, among other factors, chemotaxis by the bacteria along a gradient of N-acetylated sugars into the crypts of the light organ, the niche in which the bacteria reside. Once inside the light organ, V. fischeri transitions into a symbiotic, sessile state in which the quorum-signaling regulator LitR induces luminescence. In this work we show that expression of litR and luminescence are repressed by a homolog of the Vibrio cholerae virulence factor TcpP, which we have named HbtR. Further, we demonstrate that LitR represses genes involved in motility and chemotaxis into the light organ and activates genes required for exopolysaccharide production. IMPORTANCE TcpP homologs are widespread throughout the Vibrio genus; however, the only protein in this family described thus far is a V. cholerae virulence regulator. Here, we show that HbtR, the TcpP homolog in V. fischeri, has both a biological role and regulatory pathway completely unlike those in V. cholerae. Through its repression of the quorum-signaling regulator LitR, HbtR affects the expression of genes important for colonization of the E. scolopes light organ. While LitR becomes activated within the crypts and upregulates luminescence and exopolysaccharide genes and downregulates chemotaxis and motility genes, it appears that HbtR, upon expulsion of V. fischeri cells into seawater, reverses this process to aid the switch from a symbiotic to a planktonic state. The possible importance of HbtR to the survival of V. fischeri outside its animal host may have broader implications for the ways in which bacteria transition between often vastly different environmental niches.Brittany D. BennettTara Essock-BurnsEdward G. RubyAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleAliivibriochemotaxisexopolysaccharidegene regulationluminescencesymbiosisMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 11, Iss 5 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Aliivibrio chemotaxis exopolysaccharide gene regulation luminescence symbiosis Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Aliivibrio chemotaxis exopolysaccharide gene regulation luminescence symbiosis Microbiology QR1-502 Brittany D. Bennett Tara Essock-Burns Edward G. Ruby HbtR, a Heterofunctional Homolog of the Virulence Regulator TcpP, Facilitates the Transition between Symbiotic and Planktonic Lifestyles in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio fischeri</named-content>
description	ABSTRACT The bioluminescent bacterium Vibrio fischeri forms a mutually beneficial symbiosis with the Hawaiian bobtail squid, Euprymna scolopes, in which the bacteria, housed inside a specialized light organ, produce light used by the squid in its nocturnal activities. Upon hatching, E. scolopes juveniles acquire V. fischeri from the seawater through a complex process that requires, among other factors, chemotaxis by the bacteria along a gradient of N-acetylated sugars into the crypts of the light organ, the niche in which the bacteria reside. Once inside the light organ, V. fischeri transitions into a symbiotic, sessile state in which the quorum-signaling regulator LitR induces luminescence. In this work we show that expression of litR and luminescence are repressed by a homolog of the Vibrio cholerae virulence factor TcpP, which we have named HbtR. Further, we demonstrate that LitR represses genes involved in motility and chemotaxis into the light organ and activates genes required for exopolysaccharide production. IMPORTANCE TcpP homologs are widespread throughout the Vibrio genus; however, the only protein in this family described thus far is a V. cholerae virulence regulator. Here, we show that HbtR, the TcpP homolog in V. fischeri, has both a biological role and regulatory pathway completely unlike those in V. cholerae. Through its repression of the quorum-signaling regulator LitR, HbtR affects the expression of genes important for colonization of the E. scolopes light organ. While LitR becomes activated within the crypts and upregulates luminescence and exopolysaccharide genes and downregulates chemotaxis and motility genes, it appears that HbtR, upon expulsion of V. fischeri cells into seawater, reverses this process to aid the switch from a symbiotic to a planktonic state. The possible importance of HbtR to the survival of V. fischeri outside its animal host may have broader implications for the ways in which bacteria transition between often vastly different environmental niches.
format	article
author	Brittany D. Bennett Tara Essock-Burns Edward G. Ruby
author_facet	Brittany D. Bennett Tara Essock-Burns Edward G. Ruby
author_sort	Brittany D. Bennett
title	HbtR, a Heterofunctional Homolog of the Virulence Regulator TcpP, Facilitates the Transition between Symbiotic and Planktonic Lifestyles in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio fischeri</named-content>
title_short	HbtR, a Heterofunctional Homolog of the Virulence Regulator TcpP, Facilitates the Transition between Symbiotic and Planktonic Lifestyles in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio fischeri</named-content>
title_full	HbtR, a Heterofunctional Homolog of the Virulence Regulator TcpP, Facilitates the Transition between Symbiotic and Planktonic Lifestyles in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio fischeri</named-content>
title_fullStr	HbtR, a Heterofunctional Homolog of the Virulence Regulator TcpP, Facilitates the Transition between Symbiotic and Planktonic Lifestyles in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio fischeri</named-content>
title_full_unstemmed	HbtR, a Heterofunctional Homolog of the Virulence Regulator TcpP, Facilitates the Transition between Symbiotic and Planktonic Lifestyles in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio fischeri</named-content>
title_sort	hbtr, a heterofunctional homolog of the virulence regulator tcpp, facilitates the transition between symbiotic and planktonic lifestyles in <named-content content-type="genus-species">vibrio fischeri</named-content>
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/2b608dc030424f448c442aded0b213ea
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HbtR, a Heterofunctional Homolog of the Virulence Regulator TcpP, Facilitates the Transition between Symbiotic and Planktonic Lifestyles in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Vibrio fischeri</named-content>

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