Use of Ionic Liquid Pretreated and Fermented Sugarcane Bagasse as an Adsorbent for Congo Red Removal

A large amount of industrial wastewater containing pollutants including toxic dyes needs to be processed prior to its discharge into the environment. Biological materials such as sugarcane bagasse (SB) have been reported for their role as adsorbents to remove the dyes from water. In this study, the...

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Autores principales:	Uroosa Ejaz, Agha Arslan Wasim, Muhammad Nasiruddin Khan, Othman M. Alzahrani, Samy F. Mahmoud, Zeinhom M. El-Bahy, Muhammad Sohail
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	adsorbent cellulase cellulose congo red lignin sugarcane bagasse Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2b63cafc2fed461482a50843949cdd73
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2b63cafc2fed461482a50843949cdd732021-11-25T18:48:38ZUse of Ionic Liquid Pretreated and Fermented Sugarcane Bagasse as an Adsorbent for Congo Red Removal10.3390/polym132239432073-4360https://doaj.org/article/2b63cafc2fed461482a50843949cdd732021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/22/3943https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360A large amount of industrial wastewater containing pollutants including toxic dyes needs to be processed prior to its discharge into the environment. Biological materials such as sugarcane bagasse (SB) have been reported for their role as adsorbents to remove the dyes from water. In this study, the residue SB after fermentation was utilized for the dye removal. A combined pretreatment of NaOH and methyltrioctylammonium chloride was given to SB for lignin removal, and the pretreated SB was utilized for cellulase production from <i>Bacillus aestuarii</i> UE25. The strain produced 118 IU mL<sup>−1</sup> of endoglucanse and 70 IU mL<sup>−1</sup> of β-glucosidase. Scanning electron microscopy and FTIR spectra showed lignin and cellulose removal in fermented SB. This residue was utilized for the adsorption of an azo dye, congo red (CR). The thermodynamic, isotherm and kinetics studies for the adsorption of CR revealed distinct adsorption features of SB. Untreated SB followed Langmuir isotherm, whereas pretreated SB and fermented SB obeyed the Freundlich isotherm model. The pseudo-second-order model fitted well for the studied adsorbents. The results of thermodynamic studies revealed spontaneous adsorption with negative standard free energy values. Untreated SB showed a 90.36% removal tendency at 303.15 K temperature, whereas the adsorbents comprised of pretreated and fermented SB removed about 98.35% and 97.70%, respectively. The study provided a strategy to utilize SB for cellulase production and its use as an adsorbent for toxic dyes removal.Uroosa EjazAgha Arslan WasimMuhammad Nasiruddin KhanOthman M. AlzahraniSamy F. MahmoudZeinhom M. El-BahyMuhammad SohailMDPI AGarticleadsorbentcellulasecellulosecongo redligninsugarcane bagasseOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3943, p 3943 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	adsorbent cellulase cellulose congo red lignin sugarcane bagasse Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	adsorbent cellulase cellulose congo red lignin sugarcane bagasse Organic chemistry QD241-441 Uroosa Ejaz Agha Arslan Wasim Muhammad Nasiruddin Khan Othman M. Alzahrani Samy F. Mahmoud Zeinhom M. El-Bahy Muhammad Sohail Use of Ionic Liquid Pretreated and Fermented Sugarcane Bagasse as an Adsorbent for Congo Red Removal
description	A large amount of industrial wastewater containing pollutants including toxic dyes needs to be processed prior to its discharge into the environment. Biological materials such as sugarcane bagasse (SB) have been reported for their role as adsorbents to remove the dyes from water. In this study, the residue SB after fermentation was utilized for the dye removal. A combined pretreatment of NaOH and methyltrioctylammonium chloride was given to SB for lignin removal, and the pretreated SB was utilized for cellulase production from <i>Bacillus aestuarii</i> UE25. The strain produced 118 IU mL<sup>−1</sup> of endoglucanse and 70 IU mL<sup>−1</sup> of β-glucosidase. Scanning electron microscopy and FTIR spectra showed lignin and cellulose removal in fermented SB. This residue was utilized for the adsorption of an azo dye, congo red (CR). The thermodynamic, isotherm and kinetics studies for the adsorption of CR revealed distinct adsorption features of SB. Untreated SB followed Langmuir isotherm, whereas pretreated SB and fermented SB obeyed the Freundlich isotherm model. The pseudo-second-order model fitted well for the studied adsorbents. The results of thermodynamic studies revealed spontaneous adsorption with negative standard free energy values. Untreated SB showed a 90.36% removal tendency at 303.15 K temperature, whereas the adsorbents comprised of pretreated and fermented SB removed about 98.35% and 97.70%, respectively. The study provided a strategy to utilize SB for cellulase production and its use as an adsorbent for toxic dyes removal.
format	article
author	Uroosa Ejaz Agha Arslan Wasim Muhammad Nasiruddin Khan Othman M. Alzahrani Samy F. Mahmoud Zeinhom M. El-Bahy Muhammad Sohail
author_facet	Uroosa Ejaz Agha Arslan Wasim Muhammad Nasiruddin Khan Othman M. Alzahrani Samy F. Mahmoud Zeinhom M. El-Bahy Muhammad Sohail
author_sort	Uroosa Ejaz
title	Use of Ionic Liquid Pretreated and Fermented Sugarcane Bagasse as an Adsorbent for Congo Red Removal
title_short	Use of Ionic Liquid Pretreated and Fermented Sugarcane Bagasse as an Adsorbent for Congo Red Removal
title_full	Use of Ionic Liquid Pretreated and Fermented Sugarcane Bagasse as an Adsorbent for Congo Red Removal
title_fullStr	Use of Ionic Liquid Pretreated and Fermented Sugarcane Bagasse as an Adsorbent for Congo Red Removal
title_full_unstemmed	Use of Ionic Liquid Pretreated and Fermented Sugarcane Bagasse as an Adsorbent for Congo Red Removal
title_sort	use of ionic liquid pretreated and fermented sugarcane bagasse as an adsorbent for congo red removal
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2b63cafc2fed461482a50843949cdd73
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Use of Ionic Liquid Pretreated and Fermented Sugarcane Bagasse as an Adsorbent for Congo Red Removal

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