Doctoral Education and Skills Development: An International and Historical Perspective

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Doctoral education has undergone, in recent years, a revolution paralleling changes in modern society. In the last two decades, the world has witnessed a wave of doctoral education reforms, driven by government funding cuts, a...

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Autor principal: Cristina Poyatos Matas
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
ES
Publicado: Universitat Politècnica de València 2012
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/2bac36b6a3a8420d8d67658187ccf016
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Sumario:<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Doctoral education has undergone, in recent years, a revolution paralleling changes in modern society. In the last two decades, the world has witnessed a wave of doctoral education reforms, driven by government funding cuts, as well as by increasing demands from employers and graduates to train doctoral students for an ever-changing competitive job market, which goes beyond the walls of academia.</p> <p>With an historical view of doctoral education, and paying special attention to the process of Bologna taking place in Europe, this article explores the nature of the Ph.D., as well as how its initial traditional conceptualisation has evolved and diversified, driven by educational policy and changes to higher education funding, into new models of doctoral education relevant to our current society. It discusses, from an international perspective, how different higher education institutions are approaching the task of equipping doctoral students with transferable or generic skills, as well as specific, in order to educate active and sustainable researchers for the competitive international knowledge based societies of the 21<sup>st</sup> century that they would serve.</p><p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>RESUMEN</strong></p><p><strong>Educaci&oacute;n doctoral y desarrollo de competencias: Una perspectiva internacional</strong></p><p>La educaci&oacute;n doctoral ha vivido durante los &uacute;ltimos a&ntilde;os cambios dr&aacute;sticos equivalentes a los vividos por nuestra sociedad. Durante las &uacute;ltimas dos d&eacute;cadas, el mundo ha sido testigo de una ola de reformas educativas del mundo doctoral, alimentada por recortes gubernamentales, la comercializaci&oacute;n, internacionalizaci&oacute;n y racionalizaci&oacute;n del sector universitario, la evaluaci&oacute;n de la calidad de la educaci&oacute;n doctoral, a la vez que por las crecientes demandas por parte de empleadores y graduados, de formar a los doctorandos para un mundo laboral competitivo y cambiante. Un mundo laboral que va m&aacute;s all&aacute; de los muros del mundo acad&eacute;mico.</p> <p>Presentando una visi&oacute;n hist&oacute;rica de la educaci&oacute;n doctoral a nivel internacional, y prestando especial atenci&oacute;n al proceso de Bolonia que est&aacute; teniendo lugar en Europa, este art&iacute;culo investiga la naturaleza de los distintos modelos de doctorado, y c&oacute;mo su conceptualizaci&oacute;n inicial ha evolucionado y se ha diversificado en nuevos modelos de educaci&oacute;n doctoral, relevante para nuestra sociedad actual, debido a cambios en pol&iacute;tica educativa y en formas de financiar al sector universitario. Comenta, desde un punto de vista internacional, c&oacute;mo distintas instituciones universitarias est&aacute;n proporcionando competencias transferibles o gen&eacute;ricas, adem&aacute;s de espec&iacute;ficas, para educar investigadores activos y sostenibles para la sociedad internacional del conocimiento del siglo XXI.</p>