Site-infidelity by budworm-linked warblers at the edge of an area defoliated by spruce budworm

Most songbird species show some degree of fidelity to their previous breeding location, especially after successful reproduction. However, species associated with highly dynamic food sources (e.g., outbreaking insects) may have to adopt more flexible strategies. Three species (Tennessee Warbler, Lei...

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Autores principales:	Jeanne Moisan Perrier, Daniel Kneeshaw, Martin-Hugues St-Laurent, Marc-André Villard
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Resilience Alliance 2021
Materias:	dispersal defoliating insects movements resource tracking site fidelity Plant culture SB1-1110 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Plant ecology QK900-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2bbec702ddbf4fc2ae5a9400d110c57d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2bbec702ddbf4fc2ae5a9400d110c57d2021-11-15T16:40:14ZSite-infidelity by budworm-linked warblers at the edge of an area defoliated by spruce budworm1712-6568https://doaj.org/article/2bbec702ddbf4fc2ae5a9400d110c57d2021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ace-eco.org/vol16/iss1/art17/https://doaj.org/toc/1712-6568Most songbird species show some degree of fidelity to their previous breeding location, especially after successful reproduction. However, species associated with highly dynamic food sources (e.g., outbreaking insects) may have to adopt more flexible strategies. Three species (Tennessee Warbler, Leiothlypis peregrina ; Cape May Warbler, Setophaga tigrina ; and Bay-breasted Warbler, S. castanea ) show strong numerical responses to spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana - SBW) outbreaks. These species, referred to as "budworm-linked warblers", might track SBW larvae through extensive natal dispersal. Then, the superabundance of food during outbreaks would be expected to lead to high breeding productivity which, in turn, should promote breeding site fidelity. Here, we aimed to determine whether budworm-linked warblers were faithful to their previous year's breeding season location and, if so, whether their probability of return was influenced by habitat characteristics such as the density of SBW larvae, stand structure, or landscape structure. We hypothesized that return rate of budworm-linked warblers will be high, as reported in other species of New World warblers, and we predicted that among habitat characteristics, return rate will increase with the density of SBW larvae. We banded 117 budworm-linked warblers (94 % being males) in 75 study plots distributed along a gradient of SBW density and searched for returning individuals within 50 m of their capture sites using song playbacks. Contrary to our hypothesis, resighting rate was very low (0-10.5%). This relative "infidelity" suggests that breeding dispersal of budworm-linked warblers was relatively extensive. Only habitat proportion within an 8-km radius had an important (negative) effect on the probability of resighting Bay-breasted Warbler. Budworm-linked warblers did not exhibit strong site fidelity as adults, but instead performed breeding dispersal movements, presumably to track SBW outbreaks. This strategy may reflect strong spatiotemporal variations in the density SBW larvae.Jeanne Moisan PerrierDaniel KneeshawMartin-Hugues St-LaurentMarc-André VillardResilience Alliancearticledispersaldefoliating insectsmovementsresource trackingsite fidelityPlant cultureSB1-1110Environmental sciencesGE1-350Plant ecologyQK900-989ENAvian Conservation and Ecology, Vol 16, Iss 1, p 17 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	dispersal defoliating insects movements resource tracking site fidelity Plant culture SB1-1110 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Plant ecology QK900-989
spellingShingle	dispersal defoliating insects movements resource tracking site fidelity Plant culture SB1-1110 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Plant ecology QK900-989 Jeanne Moisan Perrier Daniel Kneeshaw Martin-Hugues St-Laurent Marc-André Villard Site-infidelity by budworm-linked warblers at the edge of an area defoliated by spruce budworm
description	Most songbird species show some degree of fidelity to their previous breeding location, especially after successful reproduction. However, species associated with highly dynamic food sources (e.g., outbreaking insects) may have to adopt more flexible strategies. Three species (Tennessee Warbler, Leiothlypis peregrina ; Cape May Warbler, Setophaga tigrina ; and Bay-breasted Warbler, S. castanea ) show strong numerical responses to spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana - SBW) outbreaks. These species, referred to as "budworm-linked warblers", might track SBW larvae through extensive natal dispersal. Then, the superabundance of food during outbreaks would be expected to lead to high breeding productivity which, in turn, should promote breeding site fidelity. Here, we aimed to determine whether budworm-linked warblers were faithful to their previous year's breeding season location and, if so, whether their probability of return was influenced by habitat characteristics such as the density of SBW larvae, stand structure, or landscape structure. We hypothesized that return rate of budworm-linked warblers will be high, as reported in other species of New World warblers, and we predicted that among habitat characteristics, return rate will increase with the density of SBW larvae. We banded 117 budworm-linked warblers (94 % being males) in 75 study plots distributed along a gradient of SBW density and searched for returning individuals within 50 m of their capture sites using song playbacks. Contrary to our hypothesis, resighting rate was very low (0-10.5%). This relative "infidelity" suggests that breeding dispersal of budworm-linked warblers was relatively extensive. Only habitat proportion within an 8-km radius had an important (negative) effect on the probability of resighting Bay-breasted Warbler. Budworm-linked warblers did not exhibit strong site fidelity as adults, but instead performed breeding dispersal movements, presumably to track SBW outbreaks. This strategy may reflect strong spatiotemporal variations in the density SBW larvae.
format	article
author	Jeanne Moisan Perrier Daniel Kneeshaw Martin-Hugues St-Laurent Marc-André Villard
author_facet	Jeanne Moisan Perrier Daniel Kneeshaw Martin-Hugues St-Laurent Marc-André Villard
author_sort	Jeanne Moisan Perrier
title	Site-infidelity by budworm-linked warblers at the edge of an area defoliated by spruce budworm
title_short	Site-infidelity by budworm-linked warblers at the edge of an area defoliated by spruce budworm
title_full	Site-infidelity by budworm-linked warblers at the edge of an area defoliated by spruce budworm
title_fullStr	Site-infidelity by budworm-linked warblers at the edge of an area defoliated by spruce budworm
title_full_unstemmed	Site-infidelity by budworm-linked warblers at the edge of an area defoliated by spruce budworm
title_sort	site-infidelity by budworm-linked warblers at the edge of an area defoliated by spruce budworm
publisher	Resilience Alliance
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2bbec702ddbf4fc2ae5a9400d110c57d
work_keys_str_mv	AT jeannemoisanperrier siteinfidelitybybudwormlinkedwarblersattheedgeofanareadefoliatedbysprucebudworm AT danielkneeshaw siteinfidelitybybudwormlinkedwarblersattheedgeofanareadefoliatedbysprucebudworm AT martinhuguesstlaurent siteinfidelitybybudwormlinkedwarblersattheedgeofanareadefoliatedbysprucebudworm AT marcandrevillard siteinfidelitybybudwormlinkedwarblersattheedgeofanareadefoliatedbysprucebudworm
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Site-infidelity by budworm-linked warblers at the edge of an area defoliated by spruce budworm

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