Evaluation of serological assays for the diagnosis of HIV infection in adults

Serological tests based on the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) are the primary tool for the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in adults and have rapidly evolved to quicker, affordable and more accurate test formats to detect early HIV infection. Second- and third-generation HIV rapid tests de...

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Autores principales:	Avania Bangalee, Sachin Bhoora, Rivak Punchoo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	AOSIS 2021
Materias:	human immunodeficiency virus hiv enzyme immunoassay enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay eia elisa analytical error, hiv biomarkers, hiv diagnosis Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2bdd2156d2dd412b92d6817cac48be4e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2bdd2156d2dd412b92d6817cac48be4e2021-11-24T07:44:19ZEvaluation of serological assays for the diagnosis of HIV infection in adults2078-61902078-620410.4102/safp.v63i1.5316https://doaj.org/article/2bdd2156d2dd412b92d6817cac48be4e2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://safpj.co.za/index.php/safpj/article/view/5316https://doaj.org/toc/2078-6190https://doaj.org/toc/2078-6204Serological tests based on the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) are the primary tool for the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in adults and have rapidly evolved to quicker, affordable and more accurate test formats to detect early HIV infection. Second- and third-generation HIV rapid tests detect the immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies to the HIV and are used at the point of care and in HIV self-testing. The tests are affordable and accessible in state and private diagnostic laboratories. The present-day fourth- and fifth-generation EIAs can detect both p24 antigen and IgG and IgM HIV antibodies and thereby diagnose early HIV infection at approximately 2 weeks. The fourth- and fifth-generation EIAs also report sensitivity and specificity of more than 99%. The correct interpretation of HIV diagnosis of false-positive and false-negative EIA test results requires collaborative scrutiny of patient factors and laboratory test methodologies.Avania BangaleeSachin BhooraRivak PunchooAOSISarticlehuman immunodeficiency virushivenzyme immunoassayenzyme-linked immunosorbent assayeiaelisaanalytical error, hiv biomarkers, hiv diagnosisMedicineRENSouth African Family Practice, Vol 63, Iss 1, Pp e1-e5 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	human immunodeficiency virus hiv enzyme immunoassay enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay eia elisa analytical error, hiv biomarkers, hiv diagnosis Medicine R
spellingShingle	human immunodeficiency virus hiv enzyme immunoassay enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay eia elisa analytical error, hiv biomarkers, hiv diagnosis Medicine R Avania Bangalee Sachin Bhoora Rivak Punchoo Evaluation of serological assays for the diagnosis of HIV infection in adults
description	Serological tests based on the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) are the primary tool for the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in adults and have rapidly evolved to quicker, affordable and more accurate test formats to detect early HIV infection. Second- and third-generation HIV rapid tests detect the immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies to the HIV and are used at the point of care and in HIV self-testing. The tests are affordable and accessible in state and private diagnostic laboratories. The present-day fourth- and fifth-generation EIAs can detect both p24 antigen and IgG and IgM HIV antibodies and thereby diagnose early HIV infection at approximately 2 weeks. The fourth- and fifth-generation EIAs also report sensitivity and specificity of more than 99%. The correct interpretation of HIV diagnosis of false-positive and false-negative EIA test results requires collaborative scrutiny of patient factors and laboratory test methodologies.
format	article
author	Avania Bangalee Sachin Bhoora Rivak Punchoo
author_facet	Avania Bangalee Sachin Bhoora Rivak Punchoo
author_sort	Avania Bangalee
title	Evaluation of serological assays for the diagnosis of HIV infection in adults
title_short	Evaluation of serological assays for the diagnosis of HIV infection in adults
title_full	Evaluation of serological assays for the diagnosis of HIV infection in adults
title_fullStr	Evaluation of serological assays for the diagnosis of HIV infection in adults
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of serological assays for the diagnosis of HIV infection in adults
title_sort	evaluation of serological assays for the diagnosis of hiv infection in adults
publisher	AOSIS
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2bdd2156d2dd412b92d6817cac48be4e
work_keys_str_mv	AT avaniabangalee evaluationofserologicalassaysforthediagnosisofhivinfectioninadults AT sachinbhoora evaluationofserologicalassaysforthediagnosisofhivinfectioninadults AT rivakpunchoo evaluationofserologicalassaysforthediagnosisofhivinfectioninadults
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Evaluation of serological assays for the diagnosis of HIV infection in adults

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