Winter diet of Japanese macaques from Chubu Sangaku National Park, Japan incorporates freshwater biota

Abstract The Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) is native to the main islands of Japan, except Hokkaido, and is the most northerly living non-human primate. In the Chubu Sangaku National Park of the Japanese Alps, macaques live in one of the coldest areas of the world, with snow cover limiting the av...

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Autores principales:	Alexander M. Milner, Susanna A. Wood, Catherine Docherty, Laura Biessy, Masaki Takenaka, Koji Tojo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2bf03ec9854f4c7681f0b264b0e212af
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2bf03ec9854f4c7681f0b264b0e212af2021-12-05T12:11:51ZWinter diet of Japanese macaques from Chubu Sangaku National Park, Japan incorporates freshwater biota10.1038/s41598-021-01972-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/2bf03ec9854f4c7681f0b264b0e212af2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01972-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) is native to the main islands of Japan, except Hokkaido, and is the most northerly living non-human primate. In the Chubu Sangaku National Park of the Japanese Alps, macaques live in one of the coldest areas of the world, with snow cover limiting the availability of preferred food sources. Winter is typically a bottleneck for food availability potentially resulting in marked energy deficits, and mortality may result from famine. However, streams with groundwater upwelling flow during the winter with a constant water temperature of about 5 °C are easily accessible for Japanese macaques to search for riverine biota. We used metabarcoding (Cytochrome c oxidase I) of fecal samples from Japanese macaques to determine their wintertime diet. Here we provide the first robust evidence that Japanese macaques feed on freshwater biota, including brown trout, riverine insects and molluscs, in Chubu Sangaku National Park. These additional food sources likely aid their winter survival.Alexander M. MilnerSusanna A. WoodCatherine DochertyLaura BiessyMasaki TakenakaKoji TojoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Alexander M. Milner Susanna A. Wood Catherine Docherty Laura Biessy Masaki Takenaka Koji Tojo Winter diet of Japanese macaques from Chubu Sangaku National Park, Japan incorporates freshwater biota
description	Abstract The Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) is native to the main islands of Japan, except Hokkaido, and is the most northerly living non-human primate. In the Chubu Sangaku National Park of the Japanese Alps, macaques live in one of the coldest areas of the world, with snow cover limiting the availability of preferred food sources. Winter is typically a bottleneck for food availability potentially resulting in marked energy deficits, and mortality may result from famine. However, streams with groundwater upwelling flow during the winter with a constant water temperature of about 5 °C are easily accessible for Japanese macaques to search for riverine biota. We used metabarcoding (Cytochrome c oxidase I) of fecal samples from Japanese macaques to determine their wintertime diet. Here we provide the first robust evidence that Japanese macaques feed on freshwater biota, including brown trout, riverine insects and molluscs, in Chubu Sangaku National Park. These additional food sources likely aid their winter survival.
format	article
author	Alexander M. Milner Susanna A. Wood Catherine Docherty Laura Biessy Masaki Takenaka Koji Tojo
author_facet	Alexander M. Milner Susanna A. Wood Catherine Docherty Laura Biessy Masaki Takenaka Koji Tojo
author_sort	Alexander M. Milner
title	Winter diet of Japanese macaques from Chubu Sangaku National Park, Japan incorporates freshwater biota
title_short	Winter diet of Japanese macaques from Chubu Sangaku National Park, Japan incorporates freshwater biota
title_full	Winter diet of Japanese macaques from Chubu Sangaku National Park, Japan incorporates freshwater biota
title_fullStr	Winter diet of Japanese macaques from Chubu Sangaku National Park, Japan incorporates freshwater biota
title_full_unstemmed	Winter diet of Japanese macaques from Chubu Sangaku National Park, Japan incorporates freshwater biota
title_sort	winter diet of japanese macaques from chubu sangaku national park, japan incorporates freshwater biota
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2bf03ec9854f4c7681f0b264b0e212af
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Winter diet of Japanese macaques from Chubu Sangaku National Park, Japan incorporates freshwater biota

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