The first edentulous ceratosaur from South America

Abstract The recognition of ontogenetic edentulism in the Jurassic noasaurid Limusaurus inextricabilis shed new light on the dietary diversity within Ceratosauria, a stem lineage of non-avian theropod dinosaurs known for peculiar craniomandibular adaptations. Until now, edentulism in Ceratosauria wa...

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Autores principales:	Geovane Alves de Souza, Marina Bento Soares, Luiz Carlos Weinschütz, Everton Wilner, Ricardo Tadeu Lopes, Olga Maria Oliveira de Araújo, Alexander Wilhelm Armin Kellner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2c29611be3be43f7a0604142fab4a28f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2c29611be3be43f7a0604142fab4a28f2021-11-21T12:21:22ZThe first edentulous ceratosaur from South America10.1038/s41598-021-01312-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/2c29611be3be43f7a0604142fab4a28f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01312-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The recognition of ontogenetic edentulism in the Jurassic noasaurid Limusaurus inextricabilis shed new light on the dietary diversity within Ceratosauria, a stem lineage of non-avian theropod dinosaurs known for peculiar craniomandibular adaptations. Until now, edentulism in Ceratosauria was exclusive to adult individuals of Limusaurus. Here, an exceptionally complete skeleton of a new toothless ceratosaur, Berthasaura leopoldinae gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Cretaceous aeolian sandstones of the Bauru Basin, Southern Brazil. The specimen resembles adult individuals of Limusaurus by the absence of teeth but based on the unfused condition of several elements (e.g., skull, vertebral column) it clearly represents an ontogenetically immature individual, indicating that it might never have had teeth. The phylogenetic analysis performed here has nested Berthasaura leopoldinae as an early-divergent Noasauridae, not closely related to Limusaurus. It represents the most complete non-avian theropod from the Brazilian Cretaceous and preserves the most complete noasaurid axial series known so far. Moreover, the new taxon exhibits many novel osteological features, uncommon in non-avian theropods, and unprecedented even among South American ceratosaurs. These include not only toothless jaws but also a premaxilla with cutting occlusal edge, and a slightly downturned rostral tip. This indicate that B. leopoldinae unlikely had the same diet as other ceratosaurs, most being regarded as carnivorous. As the ontogenetically more mature specimens of Limusaurus, Berthasaura might have been herbivorous or at least omnivorous, corroborating with an early evolutionary divergence of noasaurids from the ceratosaurian bauplan by disparate feeding modes.Geovane Alves de SouzaMarina Bento SoaresLuiz Carlos WeinschützEverton WilnerRicardo Tadeu LopesOlga Maria Oliveira de AraújoAlexander Wilhelm Armin KellnerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Geovane Alves de Souza Marina Bento Soares Luiz Carlos Weinschütz Everton Wilner Ricardo Tadeu Lopes Olga Maria Oliveira de Araújo Alexander Wilhelm Armin Kellner The first edentulous ceratosaur from South America
description	Abstract The recognition of ontogenetic edentulism in the Jurassic noasaurid Limusaurus inextricabilis shed new light on the dietary diversity within Ceratosauria, a stem lineage of non-avian theropod dinosaurs known for peculiar craniomandibular adaptations. Until now, edentulism in Ceratosauria was exclusive to adult individuals of Limusaurus. Here, an exceptionally complete skeleton of a new toothless ceratosaur, Berthasaura leopoldinae gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Cretaceous aeolian sandstones of the Bauru Basin, Southern Brazil. The specimen resembles adult individuals of Limusaurus by the absence of teeth but based on the unfused condition of several elements (e.g., skull, vertebral column) it clearly represents an ontogenetically immature individual, indicating that it might never have had teeth. The phylogenetic analysis performed here has nested Berthasaura leopoldinae as an early-divergent Noasauridae, not closely related to Limusaurus. It represents the most complete non-avian theropod from the Brazilian Cretaceous and preserves the most complete noasaurid axial series known so far. Moreover, the new taxon exhibits many novel osteological features, uncommon in non-avian theropods, and unprecedented even among South American ceratosaurs. These include not only toothless jaws but also a premaxilla with cutting occlusal edge, and a slightly downturned rostral tip. This indicate that B. leopoldinae unlikely had the same diet as other ceratosaurs, most being regarded as carnivorous. As the ontogenetically more mature specimens of Limusaurus, Berthasaura might have been herbivorous or at least omnivorous, corroborating with an early evolutionary divergence of noasaurids from the ceratosaurian bauplan by disparate feeding modes.
format	article
author	Geovane Alves de Souza Marina Bento Soares Luiz Carlos Weinschütz Everton Wilner Ricardo Tadeu Lopes Olga Maria Oliveira de Araújo Alexander Wilhelm Armin Kellner
author_facet	Geovane Alves de Souza Marina Bento Soares Luiz Carlos Weinschütz Everton Wilner Ricardo Tadeu Lopes Olga Maria Oliveira de Araújo Alexander Wilhelm Armin Kellner
author_sort	Geovane Alves de Souza
title	The first edentulous ceratosaur from South America
title_short	The first edentulous ceratosaur from South America
title_full	The first edentulous ceratosaur from South America
title_fullStr	The first edentulous ceratosaur from South America
title_full_unstemmed	The first edentulous ceratosaur from South America
title_sort	first edentulous ceratosaur from south america
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2c29611be3be43f7a0604142fab4a28f
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The first edentulous ceratosaur from South America

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