Basic locomotor muscle synergies used in land walking are finely tuned during underwater walking

Abstract Underwater walking is one of the most common hydrotherapeutic exercises. Therefore, understanding muscular control during underwater walking is important for optimizing training regimens. The effects of the water environment on walking are mainly related to the hydrostatic and hydrodynamic...

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Autores principales:	Hikaru Yokoyama, Tatsuya Kato, Naotsugu Kaneko, Hirofumi Kobayashi, Motonori Hoshino, Takanori Kokubun, Kimitaka Nakazawa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2c51f86d097e4b7ba817d4f68905eafa
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2c51f86d097e4b7ba817d4f68905eafa2021-12-02T18:33:51ZBasic locomotor muscle synergies used in land walking are finely tuned during underwater walking10.1038/s41598-021-98022-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/2c51f86d097e4b7ba817d4f68905eafa2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98022-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Underwater walking is one of the most common hydrotherapeutic exercises. Therefore, understanding muscular control during underwater walking is important for optimizing training regimens. The effects of the water environment on walking are mainly related to the hydrostatic and hydrodynamic theories of buoyancy and drag force. To date, muscular control during underwater walking has been investigated at the individual muscle level. However, it is recognized that the human nervous system modularly controls multiple muscles through muscle synergies, which are sets of muscles that work together. We found that the same set of muscle synergies was shared between the two walking tasks. However, some task-dependent modulation was found in the activation combination across muscles and temporal activation patterns of the muscle synergies. The results suggest that the human nervous system modulates activation of lower-limb muscles during water walking by finely tuning basic locomotor muscle synergies that are used during land walking to meet the biomechanical requirements for walking in the water environment.Hikaru YokoyamaTatsuya KatoNaotsugu KanekoHirofumi KobayashiMotonori HoshinoTakanori KokubunKimitaka NakazawaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Hikaru Yokoyama Tatsuya Kato Naotsugu Kaneko Hirofumi Kobayashi Motonori Hoshino Takanori Kokubun Kimitaka Nakazawa Basic locomotor muscle synergies used in land walking are finely tuned during underwater walking
description	Abstract Underwater walking is one of the most common hydrotherapeutic exercises. Therefore, understanding muscular control during underwater walking is important for optimizing training regimens. The effects of the water environment on walking are mainly related to the hydrostatic and hydrodynamic theories of buoyancy and drag force. To date, muscular control during underwater walking has been investigated at the individual muscle level. However, it is recognized that the human nervous system modularly controls multiple muscles through muscle synergies, which are sets of muscles that work together. We found that the same set of muscle synergies was shared between the two walking tasks. However, some task-dependent modulation was found in the activation combination across muscles and temporal activation patterns of the muscle synergies. The results suggest that the human nervous system modulates activation of lower-limb muscles during water walking by finely tuning basic locomotor muscle synergies that are used during land walking to meet the biomechanical requirements for walking in the water environment.
format	article
author	Hikaru Yokoyama Tatsuya Kato Naotsugu Kaneko Hirofumi Kobayashi Motonori Hoshino Takanori Kokubun Kimitaka Nakazawa
author_facet	Hikaru Yokoyama Tatsuya Kato Naotsugu Kaneko Hirofumi Kobayashi Motonori Hoshino Takanori Kokubun Kimitaka Nakazawa
author_sort	Hikaru Yokoyama
title	Basic locomotor muscle synergies used in land walking are finely tuned during underwater walking
title_short	Basic locomotor muscle synergies used in land walking are finely tuned during underwater walking
title_full	Basic locomotor muscle synergies used in land walking are finely tuned during underwater walking
title_fullStr	Basic locomotor muscle synergies used in land walking are finely tuned during underwater walking
title_full_unstemmed	Basic locomotor muscle synergies used in land walking are finely tuned during underwater walking
title_sort	basic locomotor muscle synergies used in land walking are finely tuned during underwater walking
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2c51f86d097e4b7ba817d4f68905eafa
work_keys_str_mv	AT hikaruyokoyama basiclocomotormusclesynergiesusedinlandwalkingarefinelytunedduringunderwaterwalking AT tatsuyakato basiclocomotormusclesynergiesusedinlandwalkingarefinelytunedduringunderwaterwalking AT naotsugukaneko basiclocomotormusclesynergiesusedinlandwalkingarefinelytunedduringunderwaterwalking AT hirofumikobayashi basiclocomotormusclesynergiesusedinlandwalkingarefinelytunedduringunderwaterwalking AT motonorihoshino basiclocomotormusclesynergiesusedinlandwalkingarefinelytunedduringunderwaterwalking AT takanorikokubun basiclocomotormusclesynergiesusedinlandwalkingarefinelytunedduringunderwaterwalking AT kimitakanakazawa basiclocomotormusclesynergiesusedinlandwalkingarefinelytunedduringunderwaterwalking
_version_	1718377908731379712

Basic locomotor muscle synergies used in land walking are finely tuned during underwater walking

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