Axons amplify somatic incomplete spikes into uniform amplitudes in mouse cortical pyramidal neurons.

<h4>Background</h4>Action potentials are the essential unit of neuronal encoding. Somatic sequential spikes in the central nervous system appear various in amplitudes. To be effective neuronal codes, these spikes should be propagated to axonal terminals where they activate the synapses a...

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Autores principales:	Na Chen, Jiandong Yu, Hao Qian, Rongjing Ge, Jin-Hui Wang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2c61e0b224cf47a4b2ce25ffedd0b70e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2c61e0b224cf47a4b2ce25ffedd0b70e2021-11-18T06:36:35ZAxons amplify somatic incomplete spikes into uniform amplitudes in mouse cortical pyramidal neurons.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0011868https://doaj.org/article/2c61e0b224cf47a4b2ce25ffedd0b70e2010-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20686619/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Action potentials are the essential unit of neuronal encoding. Somatic sequential spikes in the central nervous system appear various in amplitudes. To be effective neuronal codes, these spikes should be propagated to axonal terminals where they activate the synapses and drive postsynaptic neurons. It remains unclear whether these effective neuronal codes are based on spike timing orders and/or amplitudes.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We investigated this fundamental issue by simultaneously recording the axon versus soma of identical neurons and presynaptic vs. postsynaptic neurons in the cortical slices. The axons enable somatic spikes in low amplitude be enlarged, which activate synaptic transmission in consistent patterns. This facilitation in the propagation of sequential spikes through the axons is mechanistically founded by the short refractory periods, large currents and high opening probability of axonal voltage-gated sodium channels.<h4>Conclusion/significance</h4>An amplification of somatic incomplete spikes into axonal complete ones makes sequential spikes to activate consistent synaptic transmission. Therefore, neuronal encoding is likely based on spike timing order, instead of graded analogues.Na ChenJiandong YuHao QianRongjing GeJin-Hui WangPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 7, p e11868 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Na Chen Jiandong Yu Hao Qian Rongjing Ge Jin-Hui Wang Axons amplify somatic incomplete spikes into uniform amplitudes in mouse cortical pyramidal neurons.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Action potentials are the essential unit of neuronal encoding. Somatic sequential spikes in the central nervous system appear various in amplitudes. To be effective neuronal codes, these spikes should be propagated to axonal terminals where they activate the synapses and drive postsynaptic neurons. It remains unclear whether these effective neuronal codes are based on spike timing orders and/or amplitudes.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>We investigated this fundamental issue by simultaneously recording the axon versus soma of identical neurons and presynaptic vs. postsynaptic neurons in the cortical slices. The axons enable somatic spikes in low amplitude be enlarged, which activate synaptic transmission in consistent patterns. This facilitation in the propagation of sequential spikes through the axons is mechanistically founded by the short refractory periods, large currents and high opening probability of axonal voltage-gated sodium channels.<h4>Conclusion/significance</h4>An amplification of somatic incomplete spikes into axonal complete ones makes sequential spikes to activate consistent synaptic transmission. Therefore, neuronal encoding is likely based on spike timing order, instead of graded analogues.
format	article
author	Na Chen Jiandong Yu Hao Qian Rongjing Ge Jin-Hui Wang
author_facet	Na Chen Jiandong Yu Hao Qian Rongjing Ge Jin-Hui Wang
author_sort	Na Chen
title	Axons amplify somatic incomplete spikes into uniform amplitudes in mouse cortical pyramidal neurons.
title_short	Axons amplify somatic incomplete spikes into uniform amplitudes in mouse cortical pyramidal neurons.
title_full	Axons amplify somatic incomplete spikes into uniform amplitudes in mouse cortical pyramidal neurons.
title_fullStr	Axons amplify somatic incomplete spikes into uniform amplitudes in mouse cortical pyramidal neurons.
title_full_unstemmed	Axons amplify somatic incomplete spikes into uniform amplitudes in mouse cortical pyramidal neurons.
title_sort	axons amplify somatic incomplete spikes into uniform amplitudes in mouse cortical pyramidal neurons.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/2c61e0b224cf47a4b2ce25ffedd0b70e
work_keys_str_mv	AT nachen axonsamplifysomaticincompletespikesintouniformamplitudesinmousecorticalpyramidalneurons AT jiandongyu axonsamplifysomaticincompletespikesintouniformamplitudesinmousecorticalpyramidalneurons AT haoqian axonsamplifysomaticincompletespikesintouniformamplitudesinmousecorticalpyramidalneurons AT rongjingge axonsamplifysomaticincompletespikesintouniformamplitudesinmousecorticalpyramidalneurons AT jinhuiwang axonsamplifysomaticincompletespikesintouniformamplitudesinmousecorticalpyramidalneurons
_version_	1718424405183299584

Axons amplify somatic incomplete spikes into uniform amplitudes in mouse cortical pyramidal neurons.

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