Estimation of nephron number in living humans by combining unenhanced computed tomography with biopsy-based stereology

Abstract Methods for estimating nephron number in a clinical setting may be useful for predicting renal outcomes. This study aimed to establish such a method using unenhanced computed tomography (CT) and biopsy-based stereology. Patients or living kidney donors simultaneously subjected to enhanced a...

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Autores principales:	Takaya Sasaki, Nobuo Tsuboi, Yusuke Okabayashi, Kotaro Haruhara, Go Kanzaki, Kentaro Koike, Akimitsu Kobayashi, Izumi Yamamoto, Sho Takahashi, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Akira Shimizu, Andrew D. Rule, John F. Bertram, Takashi Yokoo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2019
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2ce30147b9f840c3abd2b3a62987eb09
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2ce30147b9f840c3abd2b3a62987eb092021-12-02T15:10:02ZEstimation of nephron number in living humans by combining unenhanced computed tomography with biopsy-based stereology10.1038/s41598-019-50529-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/2ce30147b9f840c3abd2b3a62987eb092019-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50529-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Methods for estimating nephron number in a clinical setting may be useful for predicting renal outcomes. This study aimed to establish such a method using unenhanced computed tomography (CT) and biopsy-based stereology. Patients or living kidney donors simultaneously subjected to enhanced and unenhanced CT examinations were randomly assigned to development and validation groups. The enhanced CT-measured arterial phase and the venous phase images of kidneys were regarded as the true values for cortical volume and parenchymal volume, respectively. Linear multiple regression analysis was used to create models for estimating cortical volume using explanatory variables including unenhanced CT-measured parenchymal volume. Nephron number was determined as the product of cortical volume and the glomerular density in biopsies of donors. Five equations for estimating cortical volume were created and verified. In donors, estimated nephron number by unenhanced CT was consistent with that by enhanced CT, with minimal errors in all models (636–655 ± 210–219 vs. 648 ± 224 × 103/kidney). Clinical characteristics combined with parenchymal volume did not improve the equation over parenchymal volume alone. These results support the feasibility of estimating nephron number by a combination of unenhanced CT and biopsy-based stereology, with a possible application for renal disease patients who are often not suitable for contrast media.Takaya SasakiNobuo TsuboiYusuke OkabayashiKotaro HaruharaGo KanzakiKentaro KoikeAkimitsu KobayashiIzumi YamamotoSho TakahashiToshiharu NinomiyaAkira ShimizuAndrew D. RuleJohn F. BertramTakashi YokooNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Takaya Sasaki Nobuo Tsuboi Yusuke Okabayashi Kotaro Haruhara Go Kanzaki Kentaro Koike Akimitsu Kobayashi Izumi Yamamoto Sho Takahashi Toshiharu Ninomiya Akira Shimizu Andrew D. Rule John F. Bertram Takashi Yokoo Estimation of nephron number in living humans by combining unenhanced computed tomography with biopsy-based stereology
description	Abstract Methods for estimating nephron number in a clinical setting may be useful for predicting renal outcomes. This study aimed to establish such a method using unenhanced computed tomography (CT) and biopsy-based stereology. Patients or living kidney donors simultaneously subjected to enhanced and unenhanced CT examinations were randomly assigned to development and validation groups. The enhanced CT-measured arterial phase and the venous phase images of kidneys were regarded as the true values for cortical volume and parenchymal volume, respectively. Linear multiple regression analysis was used to create models for estimating cortical volume using explanatory variables including unenhanced CT-measured parenchymal volume. Nephron number was determined as the product of cortical volume and the glomerular density in biopsies of donors. Five equations for estimating cortical volume were created and verified. In donors, estimated nephron number by unenhanced CT was consistent with that by enhanced CT, with minimal errors in all models (636–655 ± 210–219 vs. 648 ± 224 × 103/kidney). Clinical characteristics combined with parenchymal volume did not improve the equation over parenchymal volume alone. These results support the feasibility of estimating nephron number by a combination of unenhanced CT and biopsy-based stereology, with a possible application for renal disease patients who are often not suitable for contrast media.
format	article
author	Takaya Sasaki Nobuo Tsuboi Yusuke Okabayashi Kotaro Haruhara Go Kanzaki Kentaro Koike Akimitsu Kobayashi Izumi Yamamoto Sho Takahashi Toshiharu Ninomiya Akira Shimizu Andrew D. Rule John F. Bertram Takashi Yokoo
author_facet	Takaya Sasaki Nobuo Tsuboi Yusuke Okabayashi Kotaro Haruhara Go Kanzaki Kentaro Koike Akimitsu Kobayashi Izumi Yamamoto Sho Takahashi Toshiharu Ninomiya Akira Shimizu Andrew D. Rule John F. Bertram Takashi Yokoo
author_sort	Takaya Sasaki
title	Estimation of nephron number in living humans by combining unenhanced computed tomography with biopsy-based stereology
title_short	Estimation of nephron number in living humans by combining unenhanced computed tomography with biopsy-based stereology
title_full	Estimation of nephron number in living humans by combining unenhanced computed tomography with biopsy-based stereology
title_fullStr	Estimation of nephron number in living humans by combining unenhanced computed tomography with biopsy-based stereology
title_full_unstemmed	Estimation of nephron number in living humans by combining unenhanced computed tomography with biopsy-based stereology
title_sort	estimation of nephron number in living humans by combining unenhanced computed tomography with biopsy-based stereology
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/2ce30147b9f840c3abd2b3a62987eb09
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Estimation of nephron number in living humans by combining unenhanced computed tomography with biopsy-based stereology

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