Holstein Friesian dairy cattle edited for diluted coat color as a potential adaptation to climate change

Abstract Background High-producing Holstein Friesian dairy cattle have a characteristic black and white coat, often with large proportions of black. Compared to a light coat color, black absorbs more solar radiation which is a contributing factor to heat stress in cattle. To better adapt dairy cattl...

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Autores principales:	G. Laible, S.-A. Cole, B. Brophy, J. Wei, S. Leath, S. Jivanji, M. D. Littlejohn, D. N. Wells
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Cas9 Genome editing Homology-directed repair, PMEL P.Leu18del Coat color Cattle Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2cf4f1bd516745a0891129aeb0a93e40
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2cf4f1bd516745a0891129aeb0a93e402021-11-28T12:23:01ZHolstein Friesian dairy cattle edited for diluted coat color as a potential adaptation to climate change10.1186/s12864-021-08175-z1471-2164https://doaj.org/article/2cf4f1bd516745a0891129aeb0a93e402021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-021-08175-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/1471-2164Abstract Background High-producing Holstein Friesian dairy cattle have a characteristic black and white coat, often with large proportions of black. Compared to a light coat color, black absorbs more solar radiation which is a contributing factor to heat stress in cattle. To better adapt dairy cattle to rapidly warming climates, we aimed to lighten their coat color by genome editing. Results Using gRNA/Cas9-mediated editing, we introduced a three bp deletion in the pre-melanosomal protein 17 gene (PMEL) proposed as causative variant for the semi-dominant color dilution phenotype observed in Galloway and Highland cattle. Calves generated from cells with homozygous edits revealed a strong color dilution effect. Instead of the characteristic black and white markings of control calves generated from unedited cells, the edited calves displayed a novel grey and white coat pattern. Conclusion This, for the first time, verified the causative nature of the PMEL mutation for diluting the black coat color in cattle. Although only one of the calves was healthy at birth and later succumbed to a naval infection, the study showed the feasibility of generating such edited animals with the possibility to dissect the effects of the introgressed edit and other interfering allelic variants that might exist in individual cattle and accurately determine the impact of only the three bp change.G. LaibleS.-A. ColeB. BrophyJ. WeiS. LeathS. JivanjiM. D. LittlejohnD. N. WellsBMCarticleCas9Genome editingHomology-directed repair, PMELP.Leu18delCoat colorCattleBiotechnologyTP248.13-248.65GeneticsQH426-470ENBMC Genomics, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Cas9 Genome editing Homology-directed repair, PMEL P.Leu18del Coat color Cattle Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	Cas9 Genome editing Homology-directed repair, PMEL P.Leu18del Coat color Cattle Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Genetics QH426-470 G. Laible S.-A. Cole B. Brophy J. Wei S. Leath S. Jivanji M. D. Littlejohn D. N. Wells Holstein Friesian dairy cattle edited for diluted coat color as a potential adaptation to climate change
description	Abstract Background High-producing Holstein Friesian dairy cattle have a characteristic black and white coat, often with large proportions of black. Compared to a light coat color, black absorbs more solar radiation which is a contributing factor to heat stress in cattle. To better adapt dairy cattle to rapidly warming climates, we aimed to lighten their coat color by genome editing. Results Using gRNA/Cas9-mediated editing, we introduced a three bp deletion in the pre-melanosomal protein 17 gene (PMEL) proposed as causative variant for the semi-dominant color dilution phenotype observed in Galloway and Highland cattle. Calves generated from cells with homozygous edits revealed a strong color dilution effect. Instead of the characteristic black and white markings of control calves generated from unedited cells, the edited calves displayed a novel grey and white coat pattern. Conclusion This, for the first time, verified the causative nature of the PMEL mutation for diluting the black coat color in cattle. Although only one of the calves was healthy at birth and later succumbed to a naval infection, the study showed the feasibility of generating such edited animals with the possibility to dissect the effects of the introgressed edit and other interfering allelic variants that might exist in individual cattle and accurately determine the impact of only the three bp change.
format	article
author	G. Laible S.-A. Cole B. Brophy J. Wei S. Leath S. Jivanji M. D. Littlejohn D. N. Wells
author_facet	G. Laible S.-A. Cole B. Brophy J. Wei S. Leath S. Jivanji M. D. Littlejohn D. N. Wells
author_sort	G. Laible
title	Holstein Friesian dairy cattle edited for diluted coat color as a potential adaptation to climate change
title_short	Holstein Friesian dairy cattle edited for diluted coat color as a potential adaptation to climate change
title_full	Holstein Friesian dairy cattle edited for diluted coat color as a potential adaptation to climate change
title_fullStr	Holstein Friesian dairy cattle edited for diluted coat color as a potential adaptation to climate change
title_full_unstemmed	Holstein Friesian dairy cattle edited for diluted coat color as a potential adaptation to climate change
title_sort	holstein friesian dairy cattle edited for diluted coat color as a potential adaptation to climate change
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2cf4f1bd516745a0891129aeb0a93e40
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Holstein Friesian dairy cattle edited for diluted coat color as a potential adaptation to climate change

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