Stand Structure and Local Landscape Variables Are the Dominant Factors Explaining Shrub and Tree Diversity in Mediterranean Forests

Plant diversity is a core value of forests and is rapidly becoming a primary management goal under the threat of global environmental changes. Changing conditions, including forestry interventions, or lack of them, may endanger its preservation. Abandonment of management in forests previously subjec...

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Autores principales:	Siba Ghadban, Aitor Ameztegui, Marcos Rodrigues, Cristina Chocarro, Fermín Alcasena, Cristina Vega-Garcia
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	landscape metrics forest management artificial neural networks richness Shannon diversity index Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2d2c4d93b548409a9b19c3a9d3eec4fd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2d2c4d93b548409a9b19c3a9d3eec4fd2021-11-11T19:24:01ZStand Structure and Local Landscape Variables Are the Dominant Factors Explaining Shrub and Tree Diversity in Mediterranean Forests10.3390/su1321116582071-1050https://doaj.org/article/2d2c4d93b548409a9b19c3a9d3eec4fd2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/11658https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Plant diversity is a core value of forests and is rapidly becoming a primary management goal under the threat of global environmental changes. Changing conditions, including forestry interventions, or lack of them, may endanger its preservation. Abandonment of management in forests previously subjected to a multipurpose silviculture and secondary succession is hypothesized to have altered the biodiverse Mediterranean forests in recent years and affected plant diversity. We used data in national forest inventory plots and local landscape ecology metrics from forest cartography, combined with artificial neural networks, to predict richness and Shannon diversity indices for the tree and shrub layers of several Mediterranean forest types. We found that richness and diversity depend on forest structure and on local landscape patterns, and also, though to a lesser degree, on site conditions (mainly soil pH), but not on forest intervention. In order to benefit plant diversity in the forest landscapes analyzed, forest management practices need to promote diameter variety, the presence of large trees, tree cover, variation in the height of trees and shrubs, and a heterogeneous local landscape at the stand level. Aleppo pine forests and Scots pine forests showed more consistent results in their models than cork oak and black pine forests, both of which require further research.Siba GhadbanAitor AmezteguiMarcos RodriguesCristina ChocarroFermín AlcasenaCristina Vega-GarciaMDPI AGarticlelandscape metricsforest managementartificial neural networksrichnessShannon diversity indexEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 11658, p 11658 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	landscape metrics forest management artificial neural networks richness Shannon diversity index Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	landscape metrics forest management artificial neural networks richness Shannon diversity index Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Siba Ghadban Aitor Ameztegui Marcos Rodrigues Cristina Chocarro Fermín Alcasena Cristina Vega-Garcia Stand Structure and Local Landscape Variables Are the Dominant Factors Explaining Shrub and Tree Diversity in Mediterranean Forests
description	Plant diversity is a core value of forests and is rapidly becoming a primary management goal under the threat of global environmental changes. Changing conditions, including forestry interventions, or lack of them, may endanger its preservation. Abandonment of management in forests previously subjected to a multipurpose silviculture and secondary succession is hypothesized to have altered the biodiverse Mediterranean forests in recent years and affected plant diversity. We used data in national forest inventory plots and local landscape ecology metrics from forest cartography, combined with artificial neural networks, to predict richness and Shannon diversity indices for the tree and shrub layers of several Mediterranean forest types. We found that richness and diversity depend on forest structure and on local landscape patterns, and also, though to a lesser degree, on site conditions (mainly soil pH), but not on forest intervention. In order to benefit plant diversity in the forest landscapes analyzed, forest management practices need to promote diameter variety, the presence of large trees, tree cover, variation in the height of trees and shrubs, and a heterogeneous local landscape at the stand level. Aleppo pine forests and Scots pine forests showed more consistent results in their models than cork oak and black pine forests, both of which require further research.
format	article
author	Siba Ghadban Aitor Ameztegui Marcos Rodrigues Cristina Chocarro Fermín Alcasena Cristina Vega-Garcia
author_facet	Siba Ghadban Aitor Ameztegui Marcos Rodrigues Cristina Chocarro Fermín Alcasena Cristina Vega-Garcia
author_sort	Siba Ghadban
title	Stand Structure and Local Landscape Variables Are the Dominant Factors Explaining Shrub and Tree Diversity in Mediterranean Forests
title_short	Stand Structure and Local Landscape Variables Are the Dominant Factors Explaining Shrub and Tree Diversity in Mediterranean Forests
title_full	Stand Structure and Local Landscape Variables Are the Dominant Factors Explaining Shrub and Tree Diversity in Mediterranean Forests
title_fullStr	Stand Structure and Local Landscape Variables Are the Dominant Factors Explaining Shrub and Tree Diversity in Mediterranean Forests
title_full_unstemmed	Stand Structure and Local Landscape Variables Are the Dominant Factors Explaining Shrub and Tree Diversity in Mediterranean Forests
title_sort	stand structure and local landscape variables are the dominant factors explaining shrub and tree diversity in mediterranean forests
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2d2c4d93b548409a9b19c3a9d3eec4fd
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Stand Structure and Local Landscape Variables Are the Dominant Factors Explaining Shrub and Tree Diversity in Mediterranean Forests

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