A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Dietary Intake of Adults Attending a Food Allergy Clinic, and Compare the Results Against the Final Diagnostic Outcome

Background: The impact of poor diet on growth and development in children with a food allergy is well-recognized and researched. Food allergy is an increasing problem in adults, as are food intolerances. Another issue is the rising number of individuals adopting a vegetarian or vegan lifestyle. Stud...

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Autores principales:	Isabel J. Skypala, Cecile F. Taylor, Anthony Pallister, Guy W. Scadding
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	diet nutrition adult allergy intolerance Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2d2ff184b8fd423d9f02b17ce112c3bf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2d2ff184b8fd423d9f02b17ce112c3bf2021-11-30T11:56:14ZA Pilot Study to Evaluate the Dietary Intake of Adults Attending a Food Allergy Clinic, and Compare the Results Against the Final Diagnostic Outcome2673-610110.3389/falgy.2021.765029https://doaj.org/article/2d2ff184b8fd423d9f02b17ce112c3bf2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/falgy.2021.765029/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2673-6101Background: The impact of poor diet on growth and development in children with a food allergy is well-recognized and researched. Food allergy is an increasing problem in adults, as are food intolerances. Another issue is the rising number of individuals adopting a vegetarian or vegan lifestyle. Studies evaluating the diet of adolescents and adults with food allergy against controls suggest their dietary intakes are similar. We wished to evaluate all patients attending a food allergy clinic to determine whether there were dietary and nutritional differences between those with a food allergy or a food intolerance.Methods: All adults newly referred to a secondary care food allergy clinic in a UK hospital, in a 1-month period, were included in the study. Prior to their appointment, those who consented to take part had their height and weight documented and an assessment made of their habitual food intake. Their subsequent diagnosis was reviewed, and results for those with a confirmed diagnosis of food allergy were compared to those with a food intolerance or where the cause of symptoms was unknown.Results: Thirty subjects were recruited, with full results available for 29 subjects, 15 of whom (52%) were diagnosed with a new/existing food allergy (FA). For the whole cohort, dietary intake was sufficient for protein, and most vitamins and minerals, whereas energy, carbohydrate, unsaturated fat and fiber intakes were well-below the reference range. Those with a FA had lower intakes of iron, zinc and vitamin B12 compared to those with no FA. In addition, iron and energy intakes were depleted in those avoiding nuts, and wheat avoidance was linked to a lower intake of riboflavin.Conclusion: The results from this small exploratory study suggest that whilst the majority of nutrients in the diet are sufficient in adults presenting to the food allergy clinic, intakes of energy and fiber may be below the reference range. Those with a food allergy are more likely to have a reduced intake of iron, zinc and vitamin B12. As others have demonstrated, the exclusion of specific food groups can also affect nutritional intakes.Isabel J. SkypalaIsabel J. SkypalaCecile F. TaylorAnthony PallisterGuy W. ScaddingGuy W. ScaddingFrontiers Media S.A.articledietnutritionadultallergyintoleranceImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENFrontiers in Allergy, Vol 2 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	diet nutrition adult allergy intolerance Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	diet nutrition adult allergy intolerance Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Isabel J. Skypala Isabel J. Skypala Cecile F. Taylor Anthony Pallister Guy W. Scadding Guy W. Scadding A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Dietary Intake of Adults Attending a Food Allergy Clinic, and Compare the Results Against the Final Diagnostic Outcome
description	Background: The impact of poor diet on growth and development in children with a food allergy is well-recognized and researched. Food allergy is an increasing problem in adults, as are food intolerances. Another issue is the rising number of individuals adopting a vegetarian or vegan lifestyle. Studies evaluating the diet of adolescents and adults with food allergy against controls suggest their dietary intakes are similar. We wished to evaluate all patients attending a food allergy clinic to determine whether there were dietary and nutritional differences between those with a food allergy or a food intolerance.Methods: All adults newly referred to a secondary care food allergy clinic in a UK hospital, in a 1-month period, were included in the study. Prior to their appointment, those who consented to take part had their height and weight documented and an assessment made of their habitual food intake. Their subsequent diagnosis was reviewed, and results for those with a confirmed diagnosis of food allergy were compared to those with a food intolerance or where the cause of symptoms was unknown.Results: Thirty subjects were recruited, with full results available for 29 subjects, 15 of whom (52%) were diagnosed with a new/existing food allergy (FA). For the whole cohort, dietary intake was sufficient for protein, and most vitamins and minerals, whereas energy, carbohydrate, unsaturated fat and fiber intakes were well-below the reference range. Those with a FA had lower intakes of iron, zinc and vitamin B12 compared to those with no FA. In addition, iron and energy intakes were depleted in those avoiding nuts, and wheat avoidance was linked to a lower intake of riboflavin.Conclusion: The results from this small exploratory study suggest that whilst the majority of nutrients in the diet are sufficient in adults presenting to the food allergy clinic, intakes of energy and fiber may be below the reference range. Those with a food allergy are more likely to have a reduced intake of iron, zinc and vitamin B12. As others have demonstrated, the exclusion of specific food groups can also affect nutritional intakes.
format	article
author	Isabel J. Skypala Isabel J. Skypala Cecile F. Taylor Anthony Pallister Guy W. Scadding Guy W. Scadding
author_facet	Isabel J. Skypala Isabel J. Skypala Cecile F. Taylor Anthony Pallister Guy W. Scadding Guy W. Scadding
author_sort	Isabel J. Skypala
title	A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Dietary Intake of Adults Attending a Food Allergy Clinic, and Compare the Results Against the Final Diagnostic Outcome
title_short	A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Dietary Intake of Adults Attending a Food Allergy Clinic, and Compare the Results Against the Final Diagnostic Outcome
title_full	A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Dietary Intake of Adults Attending a Food Allergy Clinic, and Compare the Results Against the Final Diagnostic Outcome
title_fullStr	A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Dietary Intake of Adults Attending a Food Allergy Clinic, and Compare the Results Against the Final Diagnostic Outcome
title_full_unstemmed	A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Dietary Intake of Adults Attending a Food Allergy Clinic, and Compare the Results Against the Final Diagnostic Outcome
title_sort	pilot study to evaluate the dietary intake of adults attending a food allergy clinic, and compare the results against the final diagnostic outcome
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2d2ff184b8fd423d9f02b17ce112c3bf
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A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Dietary Intake of Adults Attending a Food Allergy Clinic, and Compare the Results Against the Final Diagnostic Outcome

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