Differential pre-pandemic breast milk IgA reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 and circulating human coronaviruses in Ugandan and American mothers

Objective: Uganda has registered fewer coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and deaths per capita than Western countries. The lower numbers of cases and deaths might be due to pre-existing cross-immunity induced by circulating common cold human coronaviruses (HCoVs) before the COVID-19 pandemic...

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Autores principales:	Thomas G. Egwang, Tonny Jimmy Owalla, Emmanuel Okurut, Gonzaga Apungia, Alisa Fox, Claire De Carlo, Rebecca L. Powell
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Breast milk IgA Cross-reactivity Spike proteins SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Human coronaviruses Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2d468b863f2e4387971b6c17995bfc81
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2d468b863f2e4387971b6c17995bfc812021-11-30T04:14:20ZDifferential pre-pandemic breast milk IgA reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 and circulating human coronaviruses in Ugandan and American mothers1201-971210.1016/j.ijid.2021.09.039https://doaj.org/article/2d468b863f2e4387971b6c17995bfc812021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971221007475https://doaj.org/toc/1201-9712Objective: Uganda has registered fewer coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and deaths per capita than Western countries. The lower numbers of cases and deaths might be due to pre-existing cross-immunity induced by circulating common cold human coronaviruses (HCoVs) before the COVID-19 pandemic. To investigate pre-existing mucosal antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, a comparison was performed of IgA reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 and HCoVs in milk from mothers collected in 2018. Methods: Ugandan and United States milk samples were run on an ELISA to measure specific IgA to SARS-CoV-2 and HCoVs NL63, OC43, HKU1, and 229E spike proteins. Pooled plasma from United States SARS-CoV-2-positive and negative cases were positive and negative controls, respectively. Results: One Ugandan mother had high milk IgA reactivity against all HCoVs and SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins. Ugandan mothers had significantly higher IgA reactivity against the betacoronavirus HCoV-OC43 than United States mothers (P = 0.018). By contrast, United States mothers had significantly higher IgA reactivity against the alphacoronaviruses HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63 than Ugandan mothers (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.035, respectively). Conclusion: Some Ugandan mothers have pre-existing HCoV-induced IgA antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, which may be passed to infants via breastfeeding.Thomas G. EgwangTonny Jimmy OwallaEmmanuel OkurutGonzaga ApungiaAlisa FoxClaire De CarloRebecca L. PowellElsevierarticleBreast milk IgACross-reactivitySpike proteinsSARS-CoV-2COVID-19Human coronavirusesInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol 112, Iss , Pp 165-172 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Breast milk IgA Cross-reactivity Spike proteins SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Human coronaviruses Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	Breast milk IgA Cross-reactivity Spike proteins SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Human coronaviruses Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Thomas G. Egwang Tonny Jimmy Owalla Emmanuel Okurut Gonzaga Apungia Alisa Fox Claire De Carlo Rebecca L. Powell Differential pre-pandemic breast milk IgA reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 and circulating human coronaviruses in Ugandan and American mothers
description	Objective: Uganda has registered fewer coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and deaths per capita than Western countries. The lower numbers of cases and deaths might be due to pre-existing cross-immunity induced by circulating common cold human coronaviruses (HCoVs) before the COVID-19 pandemic. To investigate pre-existing mucosal antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, a comparison was performed of IgA reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 and HCoVs in milk from mothers collected in 2018. Methods: Ugandan and United States milk samples were run on an ELISA to measure specific IgA to SARS-CoV-2 and HCoVs NL63, OC43, HKU1, and 229E spike proteins. Pooled plasma from United States SARS-CoV-2-positive and negative cases were positive and negative controls, respectively. Results: One Ugandan mother had high milk IgA reactivity against all HCoVs and SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins. Ugandan mothers had significantly higher IgA reactivity against the betacoronavirus HCoV-OC43 than United States mothers (P = 0.018). By contrast, United States mothers had significantly higher IgA reactivity against the alphacoronaviruses HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63 than Ugandan mothers (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.035, respectively). Conclusion: Some Ugandan mothers have pre-existing HCoV-induced IgA antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, which may be passed to infants via breastfeeding.
format	article
author	Thomas G. Egwang Tonny Jimmy Owalla Emmanuel Okurut Gonzaga Apungia Alisa Fox Claire De Carlo Rebecca L. Powell
author_facet	Thomas G. Egwang Tonny Jimmy Owalla Emmanuel Okurut Gonzaga Apungia Alisa Fox Claire De Carlo Rebecca L. Powell
author_sort	Thomas G. Egwang
title	Differential pre-pandemic breast milk IgA reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 and circulating human coronaviruses in Ugandan and American mothers
title_short	Differential pre-pandemic breast milk IgA reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 and circulating human coronaviruses in Ugandan and American mothers
title_full	Differential pre-pandemic breast milk IgA reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 and circulating human coronaviruses in Ugandan and American mothers
title_fullStr	Differential pre-pandemic breast milk IgA reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 and circulating human coronaviruses in Ugandan and American mothers
title_full_unstemmed	Differential pre-pandemic breast milk IgA reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 and circulating human coronaviruses in Ugandan and American mothers
title_sort	differential pre-pandemic breast milk iga reactivity against sars-cov-2 and circulating human coronaviruses in ugandan and american mothers
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2d468b863f2e4387971b6c17995bfc81
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Differential pre-pandemic breast milk IgA reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 and circulating human coronaviruses in Ugandan and American mothers

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