The global spread of hepatitis C virus 1a and 1b: a phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis.

<h4>Background</h4>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is estimated to affect 130-180 million people worldwide. Although its origin is unknown, patterns of viral diversity suggest that HCV genotype 1 probably originated from West Africa. Previous attempts to estimate the spatiotemporal parameters of...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Gkikas Magiorkinis, Emmanouil Magiorkinis, Dimitrios Paraskevis, Simon Y W Ho, Beth Shapiro, Oliver G Pybus, Jean-Pierre Allain, Angelos Hatzakis
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2009
Materias:	Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2d545d2e0c4f4ddfa9823ef20d353b14
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:2d545d2e0c4f4ddfa9823ef20d353b14
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2d545d2e0c4f4ddfa9823ef20d353b142021-11-25T05:37:50ZThe global spread of hepatitis C virus 1a and 1b: a phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis.1549-12771549-167610.1371/journal.pmed.1000198https://doaj.org/article/2d545d2e0c4f4ddfa9823ef20d353b142009-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20041120/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1549-1277https://doaj.org/toc/1549-1676<h4>Background</h4>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is estimated to affect 130-180 million people worldwide. Although its origin is unknown, patterns of viral diversity suggest that HCV genotype 1 probably originated from West Africa. Previous attempts to estimate the spatiotemporal parameters of the virus, both globally and regionally, have suggested that epidemic HCV transmission began in 1900 and grew steadily until the late 1980s. However, epidemiological data suggest that the expansion of HCV may have occurred after the Second World War. The aim of our study was to elucidate the timescale and route of the global spread of HCV.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We show that the rarely sequenced HCV region (E2P7NS2) is more informative for molecular epidemiology studies than the more commonly used NS5B region. We applied phylodynamic methods to a substantial set of new E2P7NS2 and NS5B sequences, together with all available global HCV sequences with information in both of these genomic regions, in order to estimate the timescale and nature of the global expansion of the most prevalent HCV subtypes, 1a and 1b. We showed that transmission of subtypes 1a and 1b "exploded" between 1940 and 1980, with the spread of 1b preceding that of 1a by at least 16 y (95% confidence interval 15-17). Phylogeographic analysis of all available NS5B sequences suggests that HCV subtypes 1a and 1b disseminated from the developed world to the developing countries.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The evolutionary rate of HCV appears faster than previously suggested. The global spread of HCV coincided with the widespread use of transfused blood and blood products and with the expansion of intravenous drug use but slowed prior to the wide implementation of anti-HCV screening. Differences in the transmission routes associated with subtypes 1a and 1b provide an explanation of the relatively earlier expansion of 1b. Our data show that the most plausible route of the HCV dispersal was from developed countries to the developing world. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.Gkikas MagiorkinisEmmanouil MagiorkinisDimitrios ParaskevisSimon Y W HoBeth ShapiroOliver G PybusJean-Pierre AllainAngelos HatzakisPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRENPLoS Medicine, Vol 6, Iss 12, p e1000198 (2009)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R
spellingShingle	Medicine R Gkikas Magiorkinis Emmanouil Magiorkinis Dimitrios Paraskevis Simon Y W Ho Beth Shapiro Oliver G Pybus Jean-Pierre Allain Angelos Hatzakis The global spread of hepatitis C virus 1a and 1b: a phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is estimated to affect 130-180 million people worldwide. Although its origin is unknown, patterns of viral diversity suggest that HCV genotype 1 probably originated from West Africa. Previous attempts to estimate the spatiotemporal parameters of the virus, both globally and regionally, have suggested that epidemic HCV transmission began in 1900 and grew steadily until the late 1980s. However, epidemiological data suggest that the expansion of HCV may have occurred after the Second World War. The aim of our study was to elucidate the timescale and route of the global spread of HCV.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We show that the rarely sequenced HCV region (E2P7NS2) is more informative for molecular epidemiology studies than the more commonly used NS5B region. We applied phylodynamic methods to a substantial set of new E2P7NS2 and NS5B sequences, together with all available global HCV sequences with information in both of these genomic regions, in order to estimate the timescale and nature of the global expansion of the most prevalent HCV subtypes, 1a and 1b. We showed that transmission of subtypes 1a and 1b "exploded" between 1940 and 1980, with the spread of 1b preceding that of 1a by at least 16 y (95% confidence interval 15-17). Phylogeographic analysis of all available NS5B sequences suggests that HCV subtypes 1a and 1b disseminated from the developed world to the developing countries.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The evolutionary rate of HCV appears faster than previously suggested. The global spread of HCV coincided with the widespread use of transfused blood and blood products and with the expansion of intravenous drug use but slowed prior to the wide implementation of anti-HCV screening. Differences in the transmission routes associated with subtypes 1a and 1b provide an explanation of the relatively earlier expansion of 1b. Our data show that the most plausible route of the HCV dispersal was from developed countries to the developing world. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
format	article
author	Gkikas Magiorkinis Emmanouil Magiorkinis Dimitrios Paraskevis Simon Y W Ho Beth Shapiro Oliver G Pybus Jean-Pierre Allain Angelos Hatzakis
author_facet	Gkikas Magiorkinis Emmanouil Magiorkinis Dimitrios Paraskevis Simon Y W Ho Beth Shapiro Oliver G Pybus Jean-Pierre Allain Angelos Hatzakis
author_sort	Gkikas Magiorkinis
title	The global spread of hepatitis C virus 1a and 1b: a phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis.
title_short	The global spread of hepatitis C virus 1a and 1b: a phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis.
title_full	The global spread of hepatitis C virus 1a and 1b: a phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis.
title_fullStr	The global spread of hepatitis C virus 1a and 1b: a phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis.
title_full_unstemmed	The global spread of hepatitis C virus 1a and 1b: a phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis.
title_sort	global spread of hepatitis c virus 1a and 1b: a phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2009
url	https://doaj.org/article/2d545d2e0c4f4ddfa9823ef20d353b14
work_keys_str_mv	AT gkikasmagiorkinis theglobalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT emmanouilmagiorkinis theglobalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT dimitriosparaskevis theglobalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT simonywho theglobalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT bethshapiro theglobalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT olivergpybus theglobalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT jeanpierreallain theglobalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT angeloshatzakis theglobalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT gkikasmagiorkinis globalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT emmanouilmagiorkinis globalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT dimitriosparaskevis globalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT simonywho globalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT bethshapiro globalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT olivergpybus globalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT jeanpierreallain globalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis AT angeloshatzakis globalspreadofhepatitiscvirus1aand1baphylodynamicandphylogeographicanalysis
_version_	1718414508993544192

The global spread of hepatitis C virus 1a and 1b: a phylodynamic and phylogeographic analysis.

Ejemplares similares