A systematic review of the epidemiology of echinococcosis in domestic and wild animals.

<h4>Background</h4>Human echinococcosis is a neglected zoonosis caused by parasites of the genus Echinococcus. The most frequent clinical forms of echinococcosis, cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE), are responsible for a substantial health and economic burden, pa...

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Autores principales:	Belen Otero-Abad, Paul R Torgerson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2d65b9d8f5454740b28ee0607e530e96
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2d65b9d8f5454740b28ee0607e530e962021-11-18T09:14:58ZA systematic review of the epidemiology of echinococcosis in domestic and wild animals.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0002249https://doaj.org/article/2d65b9d8f5454740b28ee0607e530e962013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23755310/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>Human echinococcosis is a neglected zoonosis caused by parasites of the genus Echinococcus. The most frequent clinical forms of echinococcosis, cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE), are responsible for a substantial health and economic burden, particularly to low-income societies. Quantitative epidemiology can provide important information to improve the understanding of parasite transmission and hence is an important part of efforts to control this disease. The purpose of this review is to give an insight on factors associated with echinococcosis in animal hosts by summarising significant results reported from epidemiological studies identified through a systematic search.<h4>Methodology and principal findings</h4>The systematic search was conducted mainly in electronic databases but a few additional records were obtained from other sources. Retrieved entries were examined in order to identify available peer-reviewed epidemiological studies that found significant risk factors for infection using associative statistical methods. One hundred studies met the eligibility criteria and were suitable for data extraction. Epidemiological factors associated with increased risk of E. granulosus infection in dogs included feeding with raw viscera, possibility of scavenging dead animals, lack of anthelmintic treatment and owners' poor health education and indicators of poverty. Key factors associated with E. granulosus infection in intermediate hosts were related to the hosts' age and the intensity of environmental contamination with parasite eggs. E. multilocularis transmission dynamics in animal hosts depended on the interaction of several ecological factors, such as hosts' population densities, host-prey interactions, landscape characteristics, climate conditions and human-related activities.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Results derived from epidemiological studies provide a better understanding of the behavioural, biological and ecological factors involved in the transmission of this parasite and hence can aid in the design of more effective control strategies.Belen Otero-AbadPaul R TorgersonPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 7, Iss 6, p e2249 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Belen Otero-Abad Paul R Torgerson A systematic review of the epidemiology of echinococcosis in domestic and wild animals.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Human echinococcosis is a neglected zoonosis caused by parasites of the genus Echinococcus. The most frequent clinical forms of echinococcosis, cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE), are responsible for a substantial health and economic burden, particularly to low-income societies. Quantitative epidemiology can provide important information to improve the understanding of parasite transmission and hence is an important part of efforts to control this disease. The purpose of this review is to give an insight on factors associated with echinococcosis in animal hosts by summarising significant results reported from epidemiological studies identified through a systematic search.<h4>Methodology and principal findings</h4>The systematic search was conducted mainly in electronic databases but a few additional records were obtained from other sources. Retrieved entries were examined in order to identify available peer-reviewed epidemiological studies that found significant risk factors for infection using associative statistical methods. One hundred studies met the eligibility criteria and were suitable for data extraction. Epidemiological factors associated with increased risk of E. granulosus infection in dogs included feeding with raw viscera, possibility of scavenging dead animals, lack of anthelmintic treatment and owners' poor health education and indicators of poverty. Key factors associated with E. granulosus infection in intermediate hosts were related to the hosts' age and the intensity of environmental contamination with parasite eggs. E. multilocularis transmission dynamics in animal hosts depended on the interaction of several ecological factors, such as hosts' population densities, host-prey interactions, landscape characteristics, climate conditions and human-related activities.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Results derived from epidemiological studies provide a better understanding of the behavioural, biological and ecological factors involved in the transmission of this parasite and hence can aid in the design of more effective control strategies.
format	article
author	Belen Otero-Abad Paul R Torgerson
author_facet	Belen Otero-Abad Paul R Torgerson
author_sort	Belen Otero-Abad
title	A systematic review of the epidemiology of echinococcosis in domestic and wild animals.
title_short	A systematic review of the epidemiology of echinococcosis in domestic and wild animals.
title_full	A systematic review of the epidemiology of echinococcosis in domestic and wild animals.
title_fullStr	A systematic review of the epidemiology of echinococcosis in domestic and wild animals.
title_full_unstemmed	A systematic review of the epidemiology of echinococcosis in domestic and wild animals.
title_sort	systematic review of the epidemiology of echinococcosis in domestic and wild animals.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/2d65b9d8f5454740b28ee0607e530e96
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A systematic review of the epidemiology of echinococcosis in domestic and wild animals.

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