The Origins and Development of the Definite Article in Egyptian-Coptic
The first appearance of the emphatic demonstratives pA/tA/nA in northern Egyptian letters of the 6th Dynasty and their absence from southern Egyptian sources indicates the growing difference between the language variants spoken in these broadly defined regions. Originating from the Old Egyptian pro...
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Ksiegarnia Akademicka Publishing
2014
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oai:doaj.org-article:2d7d263a124842c0aa12b9155ed5a1c42021-11-27T13:19:31ZThe Origins and Development of the Definite Article in Egyptian-Coptic10.12797/SAAC.18.2014.18.141899-15482449-867Xhttps://doaj.org/article/2d7d263a124842c0aa12b9155ed5a1c42014-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.akademicka.pl/saac/article/view/3090https://doaj.org/toc/1899-1548https://doaj.org/toc/2449-867X The first appearance of the emphatic demonstratives pA/tA/nA in northern Egyptian letters of the 6th Dynasty and their absence from southern Egyptian sources indicates the growing difference between the language variants spoken in these broadly defined regions. Originating from the Old Egyptian pronominal stems p-/t-/n-, the use of these new demonstratives expands rapidly during the Middle Kingdom. In their weak form as definite articles, they indicate that a noun is knownin discourse and thus signal a hitherto hidden grammatical category – definiteness. Once the definite article is grammaticalised and starts to be used with a priori definite nouns such as pA nTr wa ‘the sole god’ or pA HqA ‘the ruler’ (18th Dynasty), the indefinite article appears. The further development in Demotic and Coptic shows that the article was on the way to becoming a noun marker. When attached to a relative phrase, it created a new noun, which could be further determined (xenpetnanouf ‘some good deeds’, ppetouaab ‘the saint’). The following article traces the regional origins of the definite article as well as the main principles governing their development. Maxim KupreyevKsiegarnia Akademicka Publishingarticledefinitenessdefiniteindefinite and zero articlenoun categoriesspecific and generic nounsEgyptian-CopticAncient historyD51-90History of the artsNX440-632ENFRStudies in Ancient Art and Civilization, Vol 18 (2014) |
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definiteness definite indefinite and zero article noun categories specific and generic nouns Egyptian-Coptic Ancient history D51-90 History of the arts NX440-632 |
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definiteness definite indefinite and zero article noun categories specific and generic nouns Egyptian-Coptic Ancient history D51-90 History of the arts NX440-632 Maxim Kupreyev The Origins and Development of the Definite Article in Egyptian-Coptic |
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The first appearance of the emphatic demonstratives pA/tA/nA in northern Egyptian letters of the 6th Dynasty and their absence from southern Egyptian sources indicates the growing difference between the language variants spoken in these broadly defined regions. Originating from the Old Egyptian pronominal stems p-/t-/n-, the use of these new demonstratives expands rapidly during the Middle Kingdom. In their weak form as definite articles, they indicate that a noun is knownin discourse and thus signal a hitherto hidden grammatical category – definiteness. Once the definite article is grammaticalised and starts to be used with a priori definite nouns such as pA nTr wa ‘the sole god’ or pA HqA ‘the ruler’ (18th Dynasty), the indefinite article appears. The further development in Demotic and Coptic shows that the article was on the way to becoming a noun marker. When attached to a relative phrase, it created a new noun, which could be further determined (xenpetnanouf ‘some good deeds’, ppetouaab ‘the saint’). The following article traces the regional origins of the definite article as well as the main principles governing their development.
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format |
article |
author |
Maxim Kupreyev |
author_facet |
Maxim Kupreyev |
author_sort |
Maxim Kupreyev |
title |
The Origins and Development of the Definite Article in Egyptian-Coptic |
title_short |
The Origins and Development of the Definite Article in Egyptian-Coptic |
title_full |
The Origins and Development of the Definite Article in Egyptian-Coptic |
title_fullStr |
The Origins and Development of the Definite Article in Egyptian-Coptic |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Origins and Development of the Definite Article in Egyptian-Coptic |
title_sort |
origins and development of the definite article in egyptian-coptic |
publisher |
Ksiegarnia Akademicka Publishing |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/2d7d263a124842c0aa12b9155ed5a1c4 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT maximkupreyev theoriginsanddevelopmentofthedefinitearticleinegyptiancoptic AT maximkupreyev originsanddevelopmentofthedefinitearticleinegyptiancoptic |
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1718408489927180288 |