Chapter 12: Human microbiome analysis.
Humans are essentially sterile during gestation, but during and after birth, every body surface, including the skin, mouth, and gut, becomes host to an enormous variety of microbes, bacterial, archaeal, fungal, and viral. Under normal circumstances, these microbes help us to digest our food and to m...
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2012
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oai:doaj.org-article:2de7e8dc0a85473190fa12ed9b8e6b222021-11-18T05:52:36ZChapter 12: Human microbiome analysis.1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1002808https://doaj.org/article/2de7e8dc0a85473190fa12ed9b8e6b222012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23300406/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358Humans are essentially sterile during gestation, but during and after birth, every body surface, including the skin, mouth, and gut, becomes host to an enormous variety of microbes, bacterial, archaeal, fungal, and viral. Under normal circumstances, these microbes help us to digest our food and to maintain our immune systems, but dysfunction of the human microbiota has been linked to conditions ranging from inflammatory bowel disease to antibiotic-resistant infections. Modern high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic tools provide a powerful means of understanding the contribution of the human microbiome to health and its potential as a target for therapeutic interventions. This chapter will first discuss the historical origins of microbiome studies and methods for determining the ecological diversity of a microbial community. Next, it will introduce shotgun sequencing technologies such as metagenomics and metatranscriptomics, the computational challenges and methods associated with these data, and how they enable microbiome analysis. Finally, it will conclude with examples of the functional genomics of the human microbiome and its influences upon health and disease.Xochitl C MorganCurtis HuttenhowerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 8, Iss 12, p e1002808 (2012) |
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Biology (General) QH301-705.5 |
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Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Xochitl C Morgan Curtis Huttenhower Chapter 12: Human microbiome analysis. |
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Humans are essentially sterile during gestation, but during and after birth, every body surface, including the skin, mouth, and gut, becomes host to an enormous variety of microbes, bacterial, archaeal, fungal, and viral. Under normal circumstances, these microbes help us to digest our food and to maintain our immune systems, but dysfunction of the human microbiota has been linked to conditions ranging from inflammatory bowel disease to antibiotic-resistant infections. Modern high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatic tools provide a powerful means of understanding the contribution of the human microbiome to health and its potential as a target for therapeutic interventions. This chapter will first discuss the historical origins of microbiome studies and methods for determining the ecological diversity of a microbial community. Next, it will introduce shotgun sequencing technologies such as metagenomics and metatranscriptomics, the computational challenges and methods associated with these data, and how they enable microbiome analysis. Finally, it will conclude with examples of the functional genomics of the human microbiome and its influences upon health and disease. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Xochitl C Morgan Curtis Huttenhower |
| author_facet |
Xochitl C Morgan Curtis Huttenhower |
| author_sort |
Xochitl C Morgan |
| title |
Chapter 12: Human microbiome analysis. |
| title_short |
Chapter 12: Human microbiome analysis. |
| title_full |
Chapter 12: Human microbiome analysis. |
| title_fullStr |
Chapter 12: Human microbiome analysis. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Chapter 12: Human microbiome analysis. |
| title_sort |
chapter 12: human microbiome analysis. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/2de7e8dc0a85473190fa12ed9b8e6b22 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT xochitlcmorgan chapter12humanmicrobiomeanalysis AT curtishuttenhower chapter12humanmicrobiomeanalysis |
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