Radiographic analysis of the thickness of the cranial bones in captive compared to wild-living cheetahs and in cheetahs with hypovitaminosis A.

Captive cheetahs often demonstrate a high incidence of diseases in which vitamin A imbalances are implicated. These can occur even under controlled and optimised feeding regimens, which is why surveillance of vitamin A status is mandatory in the successful health management of cheetahs. Serum levels...

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Autores principales:	Martin J Schmidt, Gerhard Steenkamp, Peter Caldwell, Klaus Failing, Robert M Kirberger
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2de8a57e33714780a46a7c2d3c4fb446
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2de8a57e33714780a46a7c2d3c4fb4462021-12-02T20:18:26ZRadiographic analysis of the thickness of the cranial bones in captive compared to wild-living cheetahs and in cheetahs with hypovitaminosis A.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255924https://doaj.org/article/2de8a57e33714780a46a7c2d3c4fb4462021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255924https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Captive cheetahs often demonstrate a high incidence of diseases in which vitamin A imbalances are implicated. These can occur even under controlled and optimised feeding regimens, which is why surveillance of vitamin A status is mandatory in the successful health management of cheetahs. Serum levels of the vitamin do not reflect the true vitamin A status and liver tissue analysis is rather impractical for routine application in large felids. A biomarker for evaluating overt and subclinical vitamin A deficiency in cheetahs is needed. This study evaluates whether increased calvarial bone thickness can be detected on routine skull radiographs of vitamin A deficient cheetahs compared to unaffected animals, and secondly, evaluates whether there is increased bone thickness in clinically sound captive cheetahs in general compared to wild-living controls. Bone thickness in the neuro- and splanchnocranium was measured in 138 skull radiographs. Significant thickening of the parietal bones was found in latero-lateral radiographs of immature cheetahs (< 12 months) with vitamin A deficiency. This finding may allow a presumptive diagnosis of hypovitaminosis A in immature cheetahs. A general difference in skull thickness between free-living and captive cheetahs was not found.Martin J SchmidtGerhard SteenkampPeter CaldwellKlaus FailingRobert M KirbergerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0255924 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Martin J Schmidt Gerhard Steenkamp Peter Caldwell Klaus Failing Robert M Kirberger Radiographic analysis of the thickness of the cranial bones in captive compared to wild-living cheetahs and in cheetahs with hypovitaminosis A.
description	Captive cheetahs often demonstrate a high incidence of diseases in which vitamin A imbalances are implicated. These can occur even under controlled and optimised feeding regimens, which is why surveillance of vitamin A status is mandatory in the successful health management of cheetahs. Serum levels of the vitamin do not reflect the true vitamin A status and liver tissue analysis is rather impractical for routine application in large felids. A biomarker for evaluating overt and subclinical vitamin A deficiency in cheetahs is needed. This study evaluates whether increased calvarial bone thickness can be detected on routine skull radiographs of vitamin A deficient cheetahs compared to unaffected animals, and secondly, evaluates whether there is increased bone thickness in clinically sound captive cheetahs in general compared to wild-living controls. Bone thickness in the neuro- and splanchnocranium was measured in 138 skull radiographs. Significant thickening of the parietal bones was found in latero-lateral radiographs of immature cheetahs (< 12 months) with vitamin A deficiency. This finding may allow a presumptive diagnosis of hypovitaminosis A in immature cheetahs. A general difference in skull thickness between free-living and captive cheetahs was not found.
format	article
author	Martin J Schmidt Gerhard Steenkamp Peter Caldwell Klaus Failing Robert M Kirberger
author_facet	Martin J Schmidt Gerhard Steenkamp Peter Caldwell Klaus Failing Robert M Kirberger
author_sort	Martin J Schmidt
title	Radiographic analysis of the thickness of the cranial bones in captive compared to wild-living cheetahs and in cheetahs with hypovitaminosis A.
title_short	Radiographic analysis of the thickness of the cranial bones in captive compared to wild-living cheetahs and in cheetahs with hypovitaminosis A.
title_full	Radiographic analysis of the thickness of the cranial bones in captive compared to wild-living cheetahs and in cheetahs with hypovitaminosis A.
title_fullStr	Radiographic analysis of the thickness of the cranial bones in captive compared to wild-living cheetahs and in cheetahs with hypovitaminosis A.
title_full_unstemmed	Radiographic analysis of the thickness of the cranial bones in captive compared to wild-living cheetahs and in cheetahs with hypovitaminosis A.
title_sort	radiographic analysis of the thickness of the cranial bones in captive compared to wild-living cheetahs and in cheetahs with hypovitaminosis a.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2de8a57e33714780a46a7c2d3c4fb446
work_keys_str_mv	AT martinjschmidt radiographicanalysisofthethicknessofthecranialbonesincaptivecomparedtowildlivingcheetahsandincheetahswithhypovitaminosisa AT gerhardsteenkamp radiographicanalysisofthethicknessofthecranialbonesincaptivecomparedtowildlivingcheetahsandincheetahswithhypovitaminosisa AT petercaldwell radiographicanalysisofthethicknessofthecranialbonesincaptivecomparedtowildlivingcheetahsandincheetahswithhypovitaminosisa AT klausfailing radiographicanalysisofthethicknessofthecranialbonesincaptivecomparedtowildlivingcheetahsandincheetahswithhypovitaminosisa AT robertmkirberger radiographicanalysisofthethicknessofthecranialbonesincaptivecomparedtowildlivingcheetahsandincheetahswithhypovitaminosisa
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Radiographic analysis of the thickness of the cranial bones in captive compared to wild-living cheetahs and in cheetahs with hypovitaminosis A.

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