Nanomedicine for Immunotherapy Targeting Hematological Malignancies: Current Approaches and Perspective
Conventional chemotherapy has partial therapeutic effects against hematological malignancies and is correlated with serious side effects and great risk of relapse. Recently, immunotherapeutic drugs have provided encouraging results in the treatment of hematological malignancies. Several immunotherap...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:2e16d2736b1346818e4c1b5fb74217302021-11-25T18:29:50ZNanomedicine for Immunotherapy Targeting Hematological Malignancies: Current Approaches and Perspective10.3390/nano111127922079-4991https://doaj.org/article/2e16d2736b1346818e4c1b5fb74217302021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2792https://doaj.org/toc/2079-4991Conventional chemotherapy has partial therapeutic effects against hematological malignancies and is correlated with serious side effects and great risk of relapse. Recently, immunotherapeutic drugs have provided encouraging results in the treatment of hematological malignancies. Several immunotherapeutic antibodies and cell therapeutics are in dynamic development such as immune checkpoint blockades and CAR-T treatment. However, numerous problems restrain the therapeutic effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy as an insufficient anti-tumor immune response, the interference of an immune-suppressive bone marrow, or tumoral milieu with the discharge of immunosuppressive components, access of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, monocyte intrusion, macrophage modifications, all factors facilitating the tumor to escape the anti-cancer immune response, finally reducing the efficiency of the immunotherapy. Nanotechnology can be employed to overcome each of these aspects, therefore having the possibility to successfully produce anti-cancer immune responses. Here, we review recent findings on the use of biomaterial-based nanoparticles in hematological malignancies immunotherapy. In the future, a deeper understanding of tumor immunology and of the implications of nanomedicine will allow nanoparticles to revolutionize tumor immunotherapy, and nanomedicine approaches will reveal their great potential for clinical translation.Alessandro AllegraMario Di GioacchinoAlessandro TonacciClaudia PetrarcaSebastiano GangemiMDPI AGarticlenanomedicinenanoparticleshematological malignanciesimmunotherapyimmune systemtumor microenvironmentChemistryQD1-999ENNanomaterials, Vol 11, Iss 2792, p 2792 (2021) |
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nanomedicine nanoparticles hematological malignancies immunotherapy immune system tumor microenvironment Chemistry QD1-999 |
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nanomedicine nanoparticles hematological malignancies immunotherapy immune system tumor microenvironment Chemistry QD1-999 Alessandro Allegra Mario Di Gioacchino Alessandro Tonacci Claudia Petrarca Sebastiano Gangemi Nanomedicine for Immunotherapy Targeting Hematological Malignancies: Current Approaches and Perspective |
description |
Conventional chemotherapy has partial therapeutic effects against hematological malignancies and is correlated with serious side effects and great risk of relapse. Recently, immunotherapeutic drugs have provided encouraging results in the treatment of hematological malignancies. Several immunotherapeutic antibodies and cell therapeutics are in dynamic development such as immune checkpoint blockades and CAR-T treatment. However, numerous problems restrain the therapeutic effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy as an insufficient anti-tumor immune response, the interference of an immune-suppressive bone marrow, or tumoral milieu with the discharge of immunosuppressive components, access of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, monocyte intrusion, macrophage modifications, all factors facilitating the tumor to escape the anti-cancer immune response, finally reducing the efficiency of the immunotherapy. Nanotechnology can be employed to overcome each of these aspects, therefore having the possibility to successfully produce anti-cancer immune responses. Here, we review recent findings on the use of biomaterial-based nanoparticles in hematological malignancies immunotherapy. In the future, a deeper understanding of tumor immunology and of the implications of nanomedicine will allow nanoparticles to revolutionize tumor immunotherapy, and nanomedicine approaches will reveal their great potential for clinical translation. |
format |
article |
author |
Alessandro Allegra Mario Di Gioacchino Alessandro Tonacci Claudia Petrarca Sebastiano Gangemi |
author_facet |
Alessandro Allegra Mario Di Gioacchino Alessandro Tonacci Claudia Petrarca Sebastiano Gangemi |
author_sort |
Alessandro Allegra |
title |
Nanomedicine for Immunotherapy Targeting Hematological Malignancies: Current Approaches and Perspective |
title_short |
Nanomedicine for Immunotherapy Targeting Hematological Malignancies: Current Approaches and Perspective |
title_full |
Nanomedicine for Immunotherapy Targeting Hematological Malignancies: Current Approaches and Perspective |
title_fullStr |
Nanomedicine for Immunotherapy Targeting Hematological Malignancies: Current Approaches and Perspective |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nanomedicine for Immunotherapy Targeting Hematological Malignancies: Current Approaches and Perspective |
title_sort |
nanomedicine for immunotherapy targeting hematological malignancies: current approaches and perspective |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/2e16d2736b1346818e4c1b5fb7421730 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT alessandroallegra nanomedicineforimmunotherapytargetinghematologicalmalignanciescurrentapproachesandperspective AT mariodigioacchino nanomedicineforimmunotherapytargetinghematologicalmalignanciescurrentapproachesandperspective AT alessandrotonacci nanomedicineforimmunotherapytargetinghematologicalmalignanciescurrentapproachesandperspective AT claudiapetrarca nanomedicineforimmunotherapytargetinghematologicalmalignanciescurrentapproachesandperspective AT sebastianogangemi nanomedicineforimmunotherapytargetinghematologicalmalignanciescurrentapproachesandperspective |
_version_ |
1718411065358811136 |