Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis

Handayani T. 2017. Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis. Biodiversitas 18: 1624-1631. Nepenthes mirabilis Druce is a commercial ornamental pitcher plant belonging to the Nepenthaceae. This species is often used as a parent plant in artificial cr...

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Autor principal:	TRI HANDAYANI
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MBI & UNS Solo 2017
Materias:	flower nepenthes mirabilis pitcher plant pollen raceme Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2e5d9b6f675241f7984f67393a5b00ef
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2e5d9b6f675241f7984f67393a5b00ef2021-11-16T14:00:12ZFlower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis1412-033X2085-472210.13057/biodiv/d180441https://doaj.org/article/2e5d9b6f675241f7984f67393a5b00ef2017-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://smujo.id/biodiv/article/view/2118https://doaj.org/toc/1412-033Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2085-4722Handayani T. 2017. Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis. Biodiversitas 18: 1624-1631. Nepenthes mirabilis Druce is a commercial ornamental pitcher plant belonging to the Nepenthaceae. This species is often used as a parent plant in artificial crossbreeding. The plant is also used in traditional medicine, rope-making, handicraft, and bouquets. Flower development and pollen maturity are important factors in pitcher plant crossbreeding. However, information about its flowering is still lacking. This study aimed to record the flower morphology, flower development, and faunal visitors to male inflorescences of N. mirabilis planted in Bogor Botanic Gardens, West Java, Indonesia. Twelve racemes of flowers were taken as a sample for observing the process of inflorescence development, while ten flowers on each raceme were observed for investigating the flowering pattern of individual flowers. The morphology of flowers, the process of inflorescence development, the flowering pattern for individual flowers, the number of open flowers, the longevity of anthesis, and the appearance of insect (and/or other faunal) visitors to flowers were observed and recorded, using naked eyes, a hand lens, and a camera. Six phases of inflorescence development were identified: inflorescence bud phase, raceme phase, the opening of the raceme-protecting sheath phase, inflorescence-stalk and flowerstalk growth phase, open flower phase and pollen maturity phase. Four phases of flower development were observed: growth of flower bud, the opening of tepals, pollen maturation, and flower senescence. The pattern of anthesis within an inflorescence was acropetal. The number of flowers per raceme was 56 to 163. The peak duration of anthesis of a flower was 11 days (30.7% of flowers). The length of the raceme-stalks was 17-31 cm. The length of the racemes was 23-38 cm. The most common visitors to the flowers were stingless bees, Trigona apicalis.TRI HANDAYANIMBI & UNS Soloarticleflowernepenthes mirabilispitcher plantpollenracemeBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBiodiversitas, Vol 18, Iss 4, Pp 1624-1631 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	flower nepenthes mirabilis pitcher plant pollen raceme Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	flower nepenthes mirabilis pitcher plant pollen raceme Biology (General) QH301-705.5 TRI HANDAYANI Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis
description	Handayani T. 2017. Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis. Biodiversitas 18: 1624-1631. Nepenthes mirabilis Druce is a commercial ornamental pitcher plant belonging to the Nepenthaceae. This species is often used as a parent plant in artificial crossbreeding. The plant is also used in traditional medicine, rope-making, handicraft, and bouquets. Flower development and pollen maturity are important factors in pitcher plant crossbreeding. However, information about its flowering is still lacking. This study aimed to record the flower morphology, flower development, and faunal visitors to male inflorescences of N. mirabilis planted in Bogor Botanic Gardens, West Java, Indonesia. Twelve racemes of flowers were taken as a sample for observing the process of inflorescence development, while ten flowers on each raceme were observed for investigating the flowering pattern of individual flowers. The morphology of flowers, the process of inflorescence development, the flowering pattern for individual flowers, the number of open flowers, the longevity of anthesis, and the appearance of insect (and/or other faunal) visitors to flowers were observed and recorded, using naked eyes, a hand lens, and a camera. Six phases of inflorescence development were identified: inflorescence bud phase, raceme phase, the opening of the raceme-protecting sheath phase, inflorescence-stalk and flowerstalk growth phase, open flower phase and pollen maturity phase. Four phases of flower development were observed: growth of flower bud, the opening of tepals, pollen maturation, and flower senescence. The pattern of anthesis within an inflorescence was acropetal. The number of flowers per raceme was 56 to 163. The peak duration of anthesis of a flower was 11 days (30.7% of flowers). The length of the raceme-stalks was 17-31 cm. The length of the racemes was 23-38 cm. The most common visitors to the flowers were stingless bees, Trigona apicalis.
format	article
author	TRI HANDAYANI
author_facet	TRI HANDAYANI
author_sort	TRI HANDAYANI
title	Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis
title_short	Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis
title_full	Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis
title_fullStr	Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis
title_full_unstemmed	Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis
title_sort	flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of nepenthes mirabilis
publisher	MBI & UNS Solo
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/2e5d9b6f675241f7984f67393a5b00ef
work_keys_str_mv	AT trihandayani flowermorphologyfloraldevelopmentandinsectvisitorstoflowersofnepenthesmirabilis
_version_	1718426410141351936

Flower morphology, floral development and insect visitors to flowers of Nepenthes mirabilis

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