Gray water treatment by air-gap multi-effect membrane distillation with pre-treatment by electrocoagulation

The gap between supply and demand of fresh water is widening due to increase in global population. Hence, an alternative source of water such as gray water could potentially save a significant amount of precious fresh water. Gray water is distinct from black water by the amount and composition of it...

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Autores principales:	Bhausaheb Pangarkar, Mahendra Guddad
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	electrocoagulation gray water memd membrane distillation water treatment Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2e8a8359d935477ab49534e699da8cd5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2e8a8359d935477ab49534e699da8cd52021-11-05T21:14:13ZGray water treatment by air-gap multi-effect membrane distillation with pre-treatment by electrocoagulation1751-231X10.2166/wpt.2021.041https://doaj.org/article/2e8a8359d935477ab49534e699da8cd52021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttp://wpt.iwaponline.com/content/16/3/772https://doaj.org/toc/1751-231XThe gap between supply and demand of fresh water is widening due to increase in global population. Hence, an alternative source of water such as gray water could potentially save a significant amount of precious fresh water. Gray water is distinct from black water by the amount and composition of its chemical and biological contaminants. In this paper, an air-gap Multi-effect membrane distillation (MEMD) module performance for gray water treatment is described. Surfactant present in the gray water was wetting the membrane pores. Hence, electrocoagulation was used as a pre-treatment of gray water feed. About 99.14% surfactants were removed by electrocoagulation and the experiment shows excellent performance of the MEMD module. The 4-stage MEMD module offered permeate fluxes nearly to 50.12 l/m2 h at 80 °C. It was also found that a high thermal efficiency and output gain ratio was possible with lower specific energy and no cooling water. Hence, it is apparent that the air gap MEMD technology could be used for gray water treatment. Pre-treatment by electrocoagulation (EC) operation seems an important step in the overall treatment process when large amounts of surfactants are present in the treatment water. Highlights The air-gap MEMD module is developed for gray water treatment.; The electrocoagulation is used as a pre-treatment and achieved 99.8% removal of surfactant.; The effects of feed temperature, flow rate and operating time on permeate flux of MEMD module is performed.; High thermal efficiency and GOR found of air gap MEMD module.; Low consumption of specific heat was found in MEMD module.;Bhausaheb PangarkarMahendra GuddadIWA Publishingarticleelectrocoagulationgray watermemdmembrane distillationwater treatmentEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066ENWater Practice and Technology, Vol 16, Iss 3, Pp 772-781 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	electrocoagulation gray water memd membrane distillation water treatment Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066
spellingShingle	electrocoagulation gray water memd membrane distillation water treatment Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Bhausaheb Pangarkar Mahendra Guddad Gray water treatment by air-gap multi-effect membrane distillation with pre-treatment by electrocoagulation
description	The gap between supply and demand of fresh water is widening due to increase in global population. Hence, an alternative source of water such as gray water could potentially save a significant amount of precious fresh water. Gray water is distinct from black water by the amount and composition of its chemical and biological contaminants. In this paper, an air-gap Multi-effect membrane distillation (MEMD) module performance for gray water treatment is described. Surfactant present in the gray water was wetting the membrane pores. Hence, electrocoagulation was used as a pre-treatment of gray water feed. About 99.14% surfactants were removed by electrocoagulation and the experiment shows excellent performance of the MEMD module. The 4-stage MEMD module offered permeate fluxes nearly to 50.12 l/m2 h at 80 °C. It was also found that a high thermal efficiency and output gain ratio was possible with lower specific energy and no cooling water. Hence, it is apparent that the air gap MEMD technology could be used for gray water treatment. Pre-treatment by electrocoagulation (EC) operation seems an important step in the overall treatment process when large amounts of surfactants are present in the treatment water. Highlights The air-gap MEMD module is developed for gray water treatment.; The electrocoagulation is used as a pre-treatment and achieved 99.8% removal of surfactant.; The effects of feed temperature, flow rate and operating time on permeate flux of MEMD module is performed.; High thermal efficiency and GOR found of air gap MEMD module.; Low consumption of specific heat was found in MEMD module.;
format	article
author	Bhausaheb Pangarkar Mahendra Guddad
author_facet	Bhausaheb Pangarkar Mahendra Guddad
author_sort	Bhausaheb Pangarkar
title	Gray water treatment by air-gap multi-effect membrane distillation with pre-treatment by electrocoagulation
title_short	Gray water treatment by air-gap multi-effect membrane distillation with pre-treatment by electrocoagulation
title_full	Gray water treatment by air-gap multi-effect membrane distillation with pre-treatment by electrocoagulation
title_fullStr	Gray water treatment by air-gap multi-effect membrane distillation with pre-treatment by electrocoagulation
title_full_unstemmed	Gray water treatment by air-gap multi-effect membrane distillation with pre-treatment by electrocoagulation
title_sort	gray water treatment by air-gap multi-effect membrane distillation with pre-treatment by electrocoagulation
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2e8a8359d935477ab49534e699da8cd5
work_keys_str_mv	AT bhausahebpangarkar graywatertreatmentbyairgapmultieffectmembranedistillationwithpretreatmentbyelectrocoagulation AT mahendraguddad graywatertreatmentbyairgapmultieffectmembranedistillationwithpretreatmentbyelectrocoagulation
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Gray water treatment by air-gap multi-effect membrane distillation with pre-treatment by electrocoagulation

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