Variations in photoreceptor throughput to mouse visual cortex and the unique effects on tuning

Abstract Visual input to primary visual cortex (V1) depends on highly adaptive filtering in the retina. In turn, isolation of V1 computations requires experimental control of retinal adaptation to infer its spatio-temporal-chromatic output. Here, we measure the balance of input to mouse V1, in the a...

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Autores principales:	I. Rhim, G. Coello-Reyes, I. Nauhaus
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2e97c5e2ec89431cb39731bd8e5800a8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2e97c5e2ec89431cb39731bd8e5800a82021-12-02T15:02:51ZVariations in photoreceptor throughput to mouse visual cortex and the unique effects on tuning10.1038/s41598-021-90650-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/2e97c5e2ec89431cb39731bd8e5800a82021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90650-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Visual input to primary visual cortex (V1) depends on highly adaptive filtering in the retina. In turn, isolation of V1 computations requires experimental control of retinal adaptation to infer its spatio-temporal-chromatic output. Here, we measure the balance of input to mouse V1, in the anesthetized setup, from the three main photoreceptor opsins—M-opsin, S-opsin, and rhodopsin—as a function of two stimulus dimensions. The first dimension is the level of light adaptation within the mesopic range, which governs the balance of rod and cone inputs to cortex. The second stimulus dimension is retinotopic position, which governs the balance of S- and M-cone opsin input due to the opsin expression gradient in the retina. The fitted model predicts opsin input under arbitrary lighting environments, which provides a much-needed handle on in-vivo studies of the mouse visual system. We use it here to reveal that V1 is rod-mediated in common laboratory settings yet cone-mediated in natural daylight. Next, we compare functional properties of V1 under rod and cone-mediated inputs. The results show that cone-mediated V1 responds to 2.5-fold higher temporal frequencies than rod-mediated V1. Furthermore, cone-mediated V1 has smaller receptive fields, yet similar spatial frequency tuning. V1 responses in rod-deficient (Gnat1−/−) mice confirm that the effects are due to differences in photoreceptor opsin contribution.I. RhimG. Coello-ReyesI. NauhausNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-21 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q I. Rhim G. Coello-Reyes I. Nauhaus Variations in photoreceptor throughput to mouse visual cortex and the unique effects on tuning
description	Abstract Visual input to primary visual cortex (V1) depends on highly adaptive filtering in the retina. In turn, isolation of V1 computations requires experimental control of retinal adaptation to infer its spatio-temporal-chromatic output. Here, we measure the balance of input to mouse V1, in the anesthetized setup, from the three main photoreceptor opsins—M-opsin, S-opsin, and rhodopsin—as a function of two stimulus dimensions. The first dimension is the level of light adaptation within the mesopic range, which governs the balance of rod and cone inputs to cortex. The second stimulus dimension is retinotopic position, which governs the balance of S- and M-cone opsin input due to the opsin expression gradient in the retina. The fitted model predicts opsin input under arbitrary lighting environments, which provides a much-needed handle on in-vivo studies of the mouse visual system. We use it here to reveal that V1 is rod-mediated in common laboratory settings yet cone-mediated in natural daylight. Next, we compare functional properties of V1 under rod and cone-mediated inputs. The results show that cone-mediated V1 responds to 2.5-fold higher temporal frequencies than rod-mediated V1. Furthermore, cone-mediated V1 has smaller receptive fields, yet similar spatial frequency tuning. V1 responses in rod-deficient (Gnat1−/−) mice confirm that the effects are due to differences in photoreceptor opsin contribution.
format	article
author	I. Rhim G. Coello-Reyes I. Nauhaus
author_facet	I. Rhim G. Coello-Reyes I. Nauhaus
author_sort	I. Rhim
title	Variations in photoreceptor throughput to mouse visual cortex and the unique effects on tuning
title_short	Variations in photoreceptor throughput to mouse visual cortex and the unique effects on tuning
title_full	Variations in photoreceptor throughput to mouse visual cortex and the unique effects on tuning
title_fullStr	Variations in photoreceptor throughput to mouse visual cortex and the unique effects on tuning
title_full_unstemmed	Variations in photoreceptor throughput to mouse visual cortex and the unique effects on tuning
title_sort	variations in photoreceptor throughput to mouse visual cortex and the unique effects on tuning
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2e97c5e2ec89431cb39731bd8e5800a8
work_keys_str_mv	AT irhim variationsinphotoreceptorthroughputtomousevisualcortexandtheuniqueeffectsontuning AT gcoelloreyes variationsinphotoreceptorthroughputtomousevisualcortexandtheuniqueeffectsontuning AT inauhaus variationsinphotoreceptorthroughputtomousevisualcortexandtheuniqueeffectsontuning
_version_	1718389068936511488

Variations in photoreceptor throughput to mouse visual cortex and the unique effects on tuning

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