Pathogenicity and virulence mechanisms of Lassa virus and its animal modeling, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic developments

Lassa fever (LF) is a deadly viral hemorrhagic disease that is endemic to West Africa. The causative agent of LF is Lassa virus (LASV), which causes approximately 300,000 infections and 5,000 deaths annually. There are currently no approved therapeutics or FDA-approved vaccines against LASV. The hig...

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Autores principales:	Hannah L. Murphy, Hinh Ly
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2021
Materias:	lassa virus arenavirus mammarenavirus pathogenicity pathogenesis virulence vaccine therapeutics diagnostics hemorrhagic fevers Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2ea00ca7f82649a39afa9736e968eae7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2ea00ca7f82649a39afa9736e968eae72021-11-11T14:23:42ZPathogenicity and virulence mechanisms of Lassa virus and its animal modeling, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic developments2150-55942150-560810.1080/21505594.2021.2000290https://doaj.org/article/2ea00ca7f82649a39afa9736e968eae72021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2021.2000290https://doaj.org/toc/2150-5594https://doaj.org/toc/2150-5608Lassa fever (LF) is a deadly viral hemorrhagic disease that is endemic to West Africa. The causative agent of LF is Lassa virus (LASV), which causes approximately 300,000 infections and 5,000 deaths annually. There are currently no approved therapeutics or FDA-approved vaccines against LASV. The high genetic variability between LASV strains and immune evasion mediated by the virus complicate the development of effective therapeutics and vaccines. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of the basic biology of LASV and its mechanisms of disease pathogenesis and virulence in various animal models, as well as an update on prospective vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics for LF. Until effective vaccines and/or therapeutics are available for use to prevent or treat LF, a better level of understanding of the basic biology of LASV, its natural genetic variations and immune evasion mechanisms as potential pathogenicity factors, and of the rodent reservoir-vector populations and their geographical distributions, is necessary for the development of accurate diagnostics and effective therapeutics and vaccines against this deadly human viral pathogen.Hannah L. MurphyHinh LyTaylor & Francis Grouparticlelassa virusarenavirusmammarenaviruspathogenicitypathogenesisvirulencevaccinetherapeuticsdiagnosticshemorrhagic feversInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENVirulence, Vol 0, Iss 0 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	lassa virus arenavirus mammarenavirus pathogenicity pathogenesis virulence vaccine therapeutics diagnostics hemorrhagic fevers Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	lassa virus arenavirus mammarenavirus pathogenicity pathogenesis virulence vaccine therapeutics diagnostics hemorrhagic fevers Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Hannah L. Murphy Hinh Ly Pathogenicity and virulence mechanisms of Lassa virus and its animal modeling, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic developments
description	Lassa fever (LF) is a deadly viral hemorrhagic disease that is endemic to West Africa. The causative agent of LF is Lassa virus (LASV), which causes approximately 300,000 infections and 5,000 deaths annually. There are currently no approved therapeutics or FDA-approved vaccines against LASV. The high genetic variability between LASV strains and immune evasion mediated by the virus complicate the development of effective therapeutics and vaccines. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of the basic biology of LASV and its mechanisms of disease pathogenesis and virulence in various animal models, as well as an update on prospective vaccines, therapeutics, and diagnostics for LF. Until effective vaccines and/or therapeutics are available for use to prevent or treat LF, a better level of understanding of the basic biology of LASV, its natural genetic variations and immune evasion mechanisms as potential pathogenicity factors, and of the rodent reservoir-vector populations and their geographical distributions, is necessary for the development of accurate diagnostics and effective therapeutics and vaccines against this deadly human viral pathogen.
format	article
author	Hannah L. Murphy Hinh Ly
author_facet	Hannah L. Murphy Hinh Ly
author_sort	Hannah L. Murphy
title	Pathogenicity and virulence mechanisms of Lassa virus and its animal modeling, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic developments
title_short	Pathogenicity and virulence mechanisms of Lassa virus and its animal modeling, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic developments
title_full	Pathogenicity and virulence mechanisms of Lassa virus and its animal modeling, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic developments
title_fullStr	Pathogenicity and virulence mechanisms of Lassa virus and its animal modeling, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic developments
title_full_unstemmed	Pathogenicity and virulence mechanisms of Lassa virus and its animal modeling, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic developments
title_sort	pathogenicity and virulence mechanisms of lassa virus and its animal modeling, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic developments
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2ea00ca7f82649a39afa9736e968eae7
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Pathogenicity and virulence mechanisms of Lassa virus and its animal modeling, diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic developments

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