<italic toggle="yes">MoLAEA</italic> Regulates Secondary Metabolism in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Magnaporthe oryzae</named-content>

ABSTRACT Fungi are rich sources of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical importance, such as antibiotics, antitumor agents, and immunosuppressants, as well as of harmful toxins. Secondary metabolites play important roles in the development and pathogenesis of fungi. LaeA is a global regulator of s...

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Autores principales:	Pallabi Saha, Suvranil Ghosh, Subhankar Roy-Barman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	sporulation melanin pathogenicity penicillin G secondary metabolism velvet family of proteins Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2ea18fa71cb04244b2e2757f38e9927c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2ea18fa71cb04244b2e2757f38e9927c2021-11-15T15:29:16Z<italic toggle="yes">MoLAEA</italic> Regulates Secondary Metabolism in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Magnaporthe oryzae</named-content>10.1128/mSphere.00936-192379-5042https://doaj.org/article/2ea18fa71cb04244b2e2757f38e9927c2020-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00936-19https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT Fungi are rich sources of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical importance, such as antibiotics, antitumor agents, and immunosuppressants, as well as of harmful toxins. Secondary metabolites play important roles in the development and pathogenesis of fungi. LaeA is a global regulator of secondary metabolism and was originally reported in Aspergillus nidulans; however, its role in secondary metabolism in Magnaporthe oryzae has not yet been reported. Here, we investigated the role of a gene homologous to LAEA (loss of AflR expression) of Aspergillus spp. in Magnaporthe oryzae, named M. oryzae LAEA (MoLAEA). Studies on MoLAEA overexpression and knockdown strains have suggested that this gene acts as a negative regulator of sporulation and melanin synthesis. However, it is not involved in the growth and pathogenesis of M. oryzae. Transcriptomic data indicated that MoLAEA regulated genes involved in secondary metabolism. Interestingly, we observed (for the first time, to our knowledge) that this gene is involved in benzylpenicillin (penicillin G) synthesis in M. oryzae. Overexpression of MoLAEA increased penicillin G production, whereas the silenced strain showed a complete absence of penicillin G compared to its presence in the wild type. We also observed that MoLaeA interacted with MoVeA, a velvet family protein involved in fungal development and secondary metabolism, in the nucleus. This study showed that though MoLAEA may not make any contribution in rice blast fungal pathogenesis, it regulates secondary metabolism in M. oryzae and thus can be further studied for identifying other new uncharacterized metabolites in this fungus. IMPORTANCE M. oryzae causes blast disease, the most serious disease of cultivated rice affecting global rice production. The genome of M. oryzae has been shown to have a number of genes involved in secondary metabolism, but most of them are uncharacterized. In fact, compared to studies of other filamentous fungi, hardly any work has been done on secondary metabolism in M. oryzae. It is shown here (for the first time, to our knowledge) that penicillin G is being synthesized in M. oryzae and that MoLAEA is involved in this process. This is the first step in understanding the penicillin G biosynthesis pathway in M. oryzae. This study also unraveled the details of how MoLaeA works by forming a nuclear complex with MoVeA in M. oryzae, thus indicating functional conservation of such a gene across filamentous fungi. All these findings open up avenues for more relevant investigations on the genetic regulation of secondary metabolism in M. oryzae.Pallabi SahaSuvranil GhoshSubhankar Roy-BarmanAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlesporulationmelaninpathogenicitypenicillin Gsecondary metabolismvelvet family of proteinsMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 5, Iss 2 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	sporulation melanin pathogenicity penicillin G secondary metabolism velvet family of proteins Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	sporulation melanin pathogenicity penicillin G secondary metabolism velvet family of proteins Microbiology QR1-502 Pallabi Saha Suvranil Ghosh Subhankar Roy-Barman <italic toggle="yes">MoLAEA</italic> Regulates Secondary Metabolism in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Magnaporthe oryzae</named-content>
description	ABSTRACT Fungi are rich sources of secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical importance, such as antibiotics, antitumor agents, and immunosuppressants, as well as of harmful toxins. Secondary metabolites play important roles in the development and pathogenesis of fungi. LaeA is a global regulator of secondary metabolism and was originally reported in Aspergillus nidulans; however, its role in secondary metabolism in Magnaporthe oryzae has not yet been reported. Here, we investigated the role of a gene homologous to LAEA (loss of AflR expression) of Aspergillus spp. in Magnaporthe oryzae, named M. oryzae LAEA (MoLAEA). Studies on MoLAEA overexpression and knockdown strains have suggested that this gene acts as a negative regulator of sporulation and melanin synthesis. However, it is not involved in the growth and pathogenesis of M. oryzae. Transcriptomic data indicated that MoLAEA regulated genes involved in secondary metabolism. Interestingly, we observed (for the first time, to our knowledge) that this gene is involved in benzylpenicillin (penicillin G) synthesis in M. oryzae. Overexpression of MoLAEA increased penicillin G production, whereas the silenced strain showed a complete absence of penicillin G compared to its presence in the wild type. We also observed that MoLaeA interacted with MoVeA, a velvet family protein involved in fungal development and secondary metabolism, in the nucleus. This study showed that though MoLAEA may not make any contribution in rice blast fungal pathogenesis, it regulates secondary metabolism in M. oryzae and thus can be further studied for identifying other new uncharacterized metabolites in this fungus. IMPORTANCE M. oryzae causes blast disease, the most serious disease of cultivated rice affecting global rice production. The genome of M. oryzae has been shown to have a number of genes involved in secondary metabolism, but most of them are uncharacterized. In fact, compared to studies of other filamentous fungi, hardly any work has been done on secondary metabolism in M. oryzae. It is shown here (for the first time, to our knowledge) that penicillin G is being synthesized in M. oryzae and that MoLAEA is involved in this process. This is the first step in understanding the penicillin G biosynthesis pathway in M. oryzae. This study also unraveled the details of how MoLaeA works by forming a nuclear complex with MoVeA in M. oryzae, thus indicating functional conservation of such a gene across filamentous fungi. All these findings open up avenues for more relevant investigations on the genetic regulation of secondary metabolism in M. oryzae.
format	article
author	Pallabi Saha Suvranil Ghosh Subhankar Roy-Barman
author_facet	Pallabi Saha Suvranil Ghosh Subhankar Roy-Barman
author_sort	Pallabi Saha
title	<italic toggle="yes">MoLAEA</italic> Regulates Secondary Metabolism in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Magnaporthe oryzae</named-content>
title_short	<italic toggle="yes">MoLAEA</italic> Regulates Secondary Metabolism in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Magnaporthe oryzae</named-content>
title_full	<italic toggle="yes">MoLAEA</italic> Regulates Secondary Metabolism in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Magnaporthe oryzae</named-content>
title_fullStr	<italic toggle="yes">MoLAEA</italic> Regulates Secondary Metabolism in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Magnaporthe oryzae</named-content>
title_full_unstemmed	<italic toggle="yes">MoLAEA</italic> Regulates Secondary Metabolism in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Magnaporthe oryzae</named-content>
title_sort	<italic toggle="yes">molaea</italic> regulates secondary metabolism in <named-content content-type="genus-species">magnaporthe oryzae</named-content>
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/2ea18fa71cb04244b2e2757f38e9927c
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<italic toggle="yes">MoLAEA</italic> Regulates Secondary Metabolism in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Magnaporthe oryzae</named-content>

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