Predicting mammalian species at risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2 from an ACE2 perspective

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 can transmit efficiently in humans, but it is less clear which other mammals are at risk of being infected. SARS-CoV-2 encodes a Spike (S) protein that binds to human ACE2 receptor to mediate cell entry. A species with a human-like ACE2 receptor could therefore be at risk of bein...

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Autores principales:	Yulong Wei, Parisa Aris, Heba Farookhi, Xuhua Xia
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2eb0293daaed49d3a5af521e6280bb01
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2eb0293daaed49d3a5af521e6280bb012021-12-02T10:49:30ZPredicting mammalian species at risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2 from an ACE2 perspective10.1038/s41598-020-80573-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/2eb0293daaed49d3a5af521e6280bb012021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80573-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract SARS-CoV-2 can transmit efficiently in humans, but it is less clear which other mammals are at risk of being infected. SARS-CoV-2 encodes a Spike (S) protein that binds to human ACE2 receptor to mediate cell entry. A species with a human-like ACE2 receptor could therefore be at risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2. We compared between 132 mammalian ACE2 genes and between 17 coronavirus S proteins. We showed that while global similarities reflected by whole ACE2 gene alignments are poor predictors of high-risk mammals, local similarities at key S protein-binding sites highlight several high-risk mammals that share good ACE2 homology with human. Bats are likely reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2, but there are other high-risk mammals that share better ACE2 homologies with human. Both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV are closely related to bat coronavirus. Yet, among host-specific coronaviruses infecting high-risk mammals, key ACE2-binding sites on S proteins share highest similarities between SARS-CoV-2 and Pangolin-CoV and between SARS-CoV and Civet-CoV. These results suggest that direct coronavirus transmission from bat to human is unlikely, and that rapid adaptation of a bat SARS-like coronavirus in different high-risk intermediate hosts could have allowed it to acquire distinct high binding potential between S protein and human-like ACE2 receptors.Yulong WeiParisa ArisHeba FarookhiXuhua XiaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Yulong Wei Parisa Aris Heba Farookhi Xuhua Xia Predicting mammalian species at risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2 from an ACE2 perspective
description	Abstract SARS-CoV-2 can transmit efficiently in humans, but it is less clear which other mammals are at risk of being infected. SARS-CoV-2 encodes a Spike (S) protein that binds to human ACE2 receptor to mediate cell entry. A species with a human-like ACE2 receptor could therefore be at risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2. We compared between 132 mammalian ACE2 genes and between 17 coronavirus S proteins. We showed that while global similarities reflected by whole ACE2 gene alignments are poor predictors of high-risk mammals, local similarities at key S protein-binding sites highlight several high-risk mammals that share good ACE2 homology with human. Bats are likely reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2, but there are other high-risk mammals that share better ACE2 homologies with human. Both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV are closely related to bat coronavirus. Yet, among host-specific coronaviruses infecting high-risk mammals, key ACE2-binding sites on S proteins share highest similarities between SARS-CoV-2 and Pangolin-CoV and between SARS-CoV and Civet-CoV. These results suggest that direct coronavirus transmission from bat to human is unlikely, and that rapid adaptation of a bat SARS-like coronavirus in different high-risk intermediate hosts could have allowed it to acquire distinct high binding potential between S protein and human-like ACE2 receptors.
format	article
author	Yulong Wei Parisa Aris Heba Farookhi Xuhua Xia
author_facet	Yulong Wei Parisa Aris Heba Farookhi Xuhua Xia
author_sort	Yulong Wei
title	Predicting mammalian species at risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2 from an ACE2 perspective
title_short	Predicting mammalian species at risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2 from an ACE2 perspective
title_full	Predicting mammalian species at risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2 from an ACE2 perspective
title_fullStr	Predicting mammalian species at risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2 from an ACE2 perspective
title_full_unstemmed	Predicting mammalian species at risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2 from an ACE2 perspective
title_sort	predicting mammalian species at risk of being infected by sars-cov-2 from an ace2 perspective
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2eb0293daaed49d3a5af521e6280bb01
work_keys_str_mv	AT yulongwei predictingmammalianspeciesatriskofbeinginfectedbysarscov2fromanace2perspective AT parisaaris predictingmammalianspeciesatriskofbeinginfectedbysarscov2fromanace2perspective AT hebafarookhi predictingmammalianspeciesatriskofbeinginfectedbysarscov2fromanace2perspective AT xuhuaxia predictingmammalianspeciesatriskofbeinginfectedbysarscov2fromanace2perspective
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Predicting mammalian species at risk of being infected by SARS-CoV-2 from an ACE2 perspective

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