Video capillaroscopy clarifies mechanism of the photoplethysmographic waveform appearance

Abstract Photoplethysmography (PPG) devices are widely used in clinical practice but the origin of PPG signal is still under debating. The classical theory assumes that the PPG waveform stems from variations of blood volume in pulsating arteries. In this research we analysed high-speed video recordi...

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Autores principales:	Mikhail V. Volkov, Nikita B. Margaryants, Andrey V. Potemkin, Maxim A. Volynsky, Igor P. Gurov, Oleg V. Mamontov, Alexei A. Kamshilin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2ec4d7b46d0a446595dd93671d02a674
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2ec4d7b46d0a446595dd93671d02a6742021-12-02T11:52:29ZVideo capillaroscopy clarifies mechanism of the photoplethysmographic waveform appearance10.1038/s41598-017-13552-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/2ec4d7b46d0a446595dd93671d02a6742017-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13552-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Photoplethysmography (PPG) devices are widely used in clinical practice but the origin of PPG signal is still under debating. The classical theory assumes that the PPG waveform stems from variations of blood volume in pulsating arteries. In this research we analysed high-speed video recordings of capillaries in a fingernail bed. It was found that speed of erythrocytes in capillaries has pronounced modulation in time, which follows variations of instantaneous blood pressure in arteries. However, the mean speed significantly differs even for neighbour capillaries whereas change of the speed occurs in phase for the most of capillaries. Moreover, the light intensity remitted from the papillary dermis is also modulated at the heartbeat frequency displaying significant correlation with waveforms of the RBC speed. Obtained results can hardly be explained by the classical theory of PPG signal formation. Shallow penetrating visible light acquires modulation of erythrocytes density in the capillary bed without interacting with deeper situated pulsating arteries. Therefore, the capillary bed could serve as a distributed sensor for monitor the status of deep vessels. Better understanding of the photoplethysmography basis will result in a wider range of applications of this fast growing technology in both medical and research practice.Mikhail V. VolkovNikita B. MargaryantsAndrey V. PotemkinMaxim A. VolynskyIgor P. GurovOleg V. MamontovAlexei A. KamshilinNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mikhail V. Volkov Nikita B. Margaryants Andrey V. Potemkin Maxim A. Volynsky Igor P. Gurov Oleg V. Mamontov Alexei A. Kamshilin Video capillaroscopy clarifies mechanism of the photoplethysmographic waveform appearance
description	Abstract Photoplethysmography (PPG) devices are widely used in clinical practice but the origin of PPG signal is still under debating. The classical theory assumes that the PPG waveform stems from variations of blood volume in pulsating arteries. In this research we analysed high-speed video recordings of capillaries in a fingernail bed. It was found that speed of erythrocytes in capillaries has pronounced modulation in time, which follows variations of instantaneous blood pressure in arteries. However, the mean speed significantly differs even for neighbour capillaries whereas change of the speed occurs in phase for the most of capillaries. Moreover, the light intensity remitted from the papillary dermis is also modulated at the heartbeat frequency displaying significant correlation with waveforms of the RBC speed. Obtained results can hardly be explained by the classical theory of PPG signal formation. Shallow penetrating visible light acquires modulation of erythrocytes density in the capillary bed without interacting with deeper situated pulsating arteries. Therefore, the capillary bed could serve as a distributed sensor for monitor the status of deep vessels. Better understanding of the photoplethysmography basis will result in a wider range of applications of this fast growing technology in both medical and research practice.
format	article
author	Mikhail V. Volkov Nikita B. Margaryants Andrey V. Potemkin Maxim A. Volynsky Igor P. Gurov Oleg V. Mamontov Alexei A. Kamshilin
author_facet	Mikhail V. Volkov Nikita B. Margaryants Andrey V. Potemkin Maxim A. Volynsky Igor P. Gurov Oleg V. Mamontov Alexei A. Kamshilin
author_sort	Mikhail V. Volkov
title	Video capillaroscopy clarifies mechanism of the photoplethysmographic waveform appearance
title_short	Video capillaroscopy clarifies mechanism of the photoplethysmographic waveform appearance
title_full	Video capillaroscopy clarifies mechanism of the photoplethysmographic waveform appearance
title_fullStr	Video capillaroscopy clarifies mechanism of the photoplethysmographic waveform appearance
title_full_unstemmed	Video capillaroscopy clarifies mechanism of the photoplethysmographic waveform appearance
title_sort	video capillaroscopy clarifies mechanism of the photoplethysmographic waveform appearance
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/2ec4d7b46d0a446595dd93671d02a674
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Video capillaroscopy clarifies mechanism of the photoplethysmographic waveform appearance

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