Active or passive acoustic monitoring? Assessing methods to track anuran communities in tropical savanna wetlands

The development of new acoustic technologies has promoted remarkable advances in biodiversity monitoring. Passive acoustics is increasingly being used in ecological research to remotely assess animal communities. This recent revolution opens new questions about the precision and efficiency of these...

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Autores principales:	Isabella Melo, Diego Llusia, Rogério Pereira Bastos, Luciana Signorelli
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	ARU Autonomous recording unit Call survey Visual encounter PAM Passive acoustics Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2ed883bf36964191942f4863e216168e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2ed883bf36964191942f4863e216168e2021-12-01T05:02:10ZActive or passive acoustic monitoring? Assessing methods to track anuran communities in tropical savanna wetlands1470-160X10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108305https://doaj.org/article/2ed883bf36964191942f4863e216168e2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21009705https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160XThe development of new acoustic technologies has promoted remarkable advances in biodiversity monitoring. Passive acoustics is increasingly being used in ecological research to remotely assess animal communities. This recent revolution opens new questions about the precision and efficiency of these emerging methods in tracking biodiversity. However, most of the studies evaluating passive monitoring have been applied on temperate regions and in the short term, limiting the understanding of the potential of these techniques and the development of a general framework for survey design. Based on a year-round monitoring of anuran communities at Brazilian savanna wetlands, we examined efficiency of traditional (active searches, AS) and emerging monitoring methods (passive acoustics, PAM) in detecting species at an increasing scale (hours, days, weeks, and months). We determined species richness on 42 active searches and more than 34,000 audio recordings and defined six comparative scenarios (with unequal and equal sampling efforts) in order to explore the combined effect of sampling effort and sampling duration on the species richness detected by these two methods. Using PAM, we estimated higher regional and local richness (14 species per site on average) than AS (8.3 species per site) and detected all anuran species found by AS. Except when sampling effort was highly biased towards AS (single-hour PAM), passive acoustics was able to find more species than AS in all cases. In scenarios with similar sampling effort, differences in observed species richness depended on the temporal distribution of samples. As PAM covered a wider daily and seasonal period, the number of detected species increased, particularly at the most intensive and prolonged sampling (thirty-full-day PAM). Contrary to expectations, we did not record additional species when using AS. Our results provide evidence that passive acoustics is an efficient monitoring technique, offering a higher capacity to detect vocal species in biodiversity surveys than traditional methods, especially when applied in the long term. Sampling scenarios revealed that species detection on monitoring programs is associated with both sampling effort and sampling duration. Thus, due to the potential of PAM to increase these two parameters, this technique can reach better outcomes and be particularly advised for ecological research. These findings can assist researchers in survey design under tropical environments and in determining suitable sampling efforts when applying acoustic monitoring programs.Isabella MeloDiego LlusiaRogério Pereira BastosLuciana SignorelliElsevierarticleARUAutonomous recording unitCall surveyVisual encounterPAMPassive acousticsEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcological Indicators, Vol 132, Iss , Pp 108305- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ARU Autonomous recording unit Call survey Visual encounter PAM Passive acoustics Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	ARU Autonomous recording unit Call survey Visual encounter PAM Passive acoustics Ecology QH540-549.5 Isabella Melo Diego Llusia Rogério Pereira Bastos Luciana Signorelli Active or passive acoustic monitoring? Assessing methods to track anuran communities in tropical savanna wetlands
description	The development of new acoustic technologies has promoted remarkable advances in biodiversity monitoring. Passive acoustics is increasingly being used in ecological research to remotely assess animal communities. This recent revolution opens new questions about the precision and efficiency of these emerging methods in tracking biodiversity. However, most of the studies evaluating passive monitoring have been applied on temperate regions and in the short term, limiting the understanding of the potential of these techniques and the development of a general framework for survey design. Based on a year-round monitoring of anuran communities at Brazilian savanna wetlands, we examined efficiency of traditional (active searches, AS) and emerging monitoring methods (passive acoustics, PAM) in detecting species at an increasing scale (hours, days, weeks, and months). We determined species richness on 42 active searches and more than 34,000 audio recordings and defined six comparative scenarios (with unequal and equal sampling efforts) in order to explore the combined effect of sampling effort and sampling duration on the species richness detected by these two methods. Using PAM, we estimated higher regional and local richness (14 species per site on average) than AS (8.3 species per site) and detected all anuran species found by AS. Except when sampling effort was highly biased towards AS (single-hour PAM), passive acoustics was able to find more species than AS in all cases. In scenarios with similar sampling effort, differences in observed species richness depended on the temporal distribution of samples. As PAM covered a wider daily and seasonal period, the number of detected species increased, particularly at the most intensive and prolonged sampling (thirty-full-day PAM). Contrary to expectations, we did not record additional species when using AS. Our results provide evidence that passive acoustics is an efficient monitoring technique, offering a higher capacity to detect vocal species in biodiversity surveys than traditional methods, especially when applied in the long term. Sampling scenarios revealed that species detection on monitoring programs is associated with both sampling effort and sampling duration. Thus, due to the potential of PAM to increase these two parameters, this technique can reach better outcomes and be particularly advised for ecological research. These findings can assist researchers in survey design under tropical environments and in determining suitable sampling efforts when applying acoustic monitoring programs.
format	article
author	Isabella Melo Diego Llusia Rogério Pereira Bastos Luciana Signorelli
author_facet	Isabella Melo Diego Llusia Rogério Pereira Bastos Luciana Signorelli
author_sort	Isabella Melo
title	Active or passive acoustic monitoring? Assessing methods to track anuran communities in tropical savanna wetlands
title_short	Active or passive acoustic monitoring? Assessing methods to track anuran communities in tropical savanna wetlands
title_full	Active or passive acoustic monitoring? Assessing methods to track anuran communities in tropical savanna wetlands
title_fullStr	Active or passive acoustic monitoring? Assessing methods to track anuran communities in tropical savanna wetlands
title_full_unstemmed	Active or passive acoustic monitoring? Assessing methods to track anuran communities in tropical savanna wetlands
title_sort	active or passive acoustic monitoring? assessing methods to track anuran communities in tropical savanna wetlands
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2ed883bf36964191942f4863e216168e
work_keys_str_mv	AT isabellamelo activeorpassiveacousticmonitoringassessingmethodstotrackanurancommunitiesintropicalsavannawetlands AT diegollusia activeorpassiveacousticmonitoringassessingmethodstotrackanurancommunitiesintropicalsavannawetlands AT rogeriopereirabastos activeorpassiveacousticmonitoringassessingmethodstotrackanurancommunitiesintropicalsavannawetlands AT lucianasignorelli activeorpassiveacousticmonitoringassessingmethodstotrackanurancommunitiesintropicalsavannawetlands
_version_	1718405589879488512

Active or passive acoustic monitoring? Assessing methods to track anuran communities in tropical savanna wetlands

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