3D Printing of Thermal Insulating Polyimide/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Aerogels with Low Dimensional Shrinkage

Polyimide (PI)-based aerogels have been widely applied to aviation, automobiles, and thermal insulation because of their high porosity, low density, and excellent thermal insulating ability. However, the fabrication of PI aerogels is still restricted to the traditional molding process, and it is oft...

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Autores principales:	Chiao Feng, Sheng-Sheng Yu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	polyimide aerogels 3D printing Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2f11041a4a5b4ca9b6b30f78e39134dd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2f11041a4a5b4ca9b6b30f78e39134dd2021-11-11T18:41:25Z3D Printing of Thermal Insulating Polyimide/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Aerogels with Low Dimensional Shrinkage10.3390/polym132136142073-4360https://doaj.org/article/2f11041a4a5b4ca9b6b30f78e39134dd2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/21/3614https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360Polyimide (PI)-based aerogels have been widely applied to aviation, automobiles, and thermal insulation because of their high porosity, low density, and excellent thermal insulating ability. However, the fabrication of PI aerogels is still restricted to the traditional molding process, and it is often challenging to prepare high-performance PI aerogels with complex 3D structures. Interestingly, renewable nanomaterials such as cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) may provide a unique approach for 3D printing, mechanical reinforcement, and shape fidelity of the PI aerogels. Herein, we proposed a facile water-based 3D printable ink with sustainable nanofillers, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Polyamic acid was first mixed with triethylamine to form an aqueous solution of polyamic acid ammonium salts (PAAS). CNCs were then dispersed in the aqueous PAAS solution to form a reversible physical network for direct ink writing (DIW). Further freeze-drying and thermal imidization produced porous PI/CNC composite aerogels with increased mechanical strength. The concentration of CNCs needed for DIW was reduced in the presence of PAAS, potentially because of the depletion effect of the polymer solution. Further analysis suggested that the physical network of CNCs lowered the shrinkage of aerogels during preparation and improved the shape-fidelity of the PI/CNC composite aerogels. In addition, the composite aerogels retained low thermal conductivity and may be used as heat management materials. Overall, our approach successfully utilized CNCs as rheological modifiers and reinforcement to 3D print strong PI/CNC composite aerogels for advanced thermal regulation.Chiao FengSheng-Sheng YuMDPI AGarticlepolyimideaerogels3D printingOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3614, p 3614 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	polyimide aerogels 3D printing Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	polyimide aerogels 3D printing Organic chemistry QD241-441 Chiao Feng Sheng-Sheng Yu 3D Printing of Thermal Insulating Polyimide/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Aerogels with Low Dimensional Shrinkage
description	Polyimide (PI)-based aerogels have been widely applied to aviation, automobiles, and thermal insulation because of their high porosity, low density, and excellent thermal insulating ability. However, the fabrication of PI aerogels is still restricted to the traditional molding process, and it is often challenging to prepare high-performance PI aerogels with complex 3D structures. Interestingly, renewable nanomaterials such as cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) may provide a unique approach for 3D printing, mechanical reinforcement, and shape fidelity of the PI aerogels. Herein, we proposed a facile water-based 3D printable ink with sustainable nanofillers, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Polyamic acid was first mixed with triethylamine to form an aqueous solution of polyamic acid ammonium salts (PAAS). CNCs were then dispersed in the aqueous PAAS solution to form a reversible physical network for direct ink writing (DIW). Further freeze-drying and thermal imidization produced porous PI/CNC composite aerogels with increased mechanical strength. The concentration of CNCs needed for DIW was reduced in the presence of PAAS, potentially because of the depletion effect of the polymer solution. Further analysis suggested that the physical network of CNCs lowered the shrinkage of aerogels during preparation and improved the shape-fidelity of the PI/CNC composite aerogels. In addition, the composite aerogels retained low thermal conductivity and may be used as heat management materials. Overall, our approach successfully utilized CNCs as rheological modifiers and reinforcement to 3D print strong PI/CNC composite aerogels for advanced thermal regulation.
format	article
author	Chiao Feng Sheng-Sheng Yu
author_facet	Chiao Feng Sheng-Sheng Yu
author_sort	Chiao Feng
title	3D Printing of Thermal Insulating Polyimide/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Aerogels with Low Dimensional Shrinkage
title_short	3D Printing of Thermal Insulating Polyimide/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Aerogels with Low Dimensional Shrinkage
title_full	3D Printing of Thermal Insulating Polyimide/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Aerogels with Low Dimensional Shrinkage
title_fullStr	3D Printing of Thermal Insulating Polyimide/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Aerogels with Low Dimensional Shrinkage
title_full_unstemmed	3D Printing of Thermal Insulating Polyimide/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Aerogels with Low Dimensional Shrinkage
title_sort	3d printing of thermal insulating polyimide/cellulose nanocrystal composite aerogels with low dimensional shrinkage
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2f11041a4a5b4ca9b6b30f78e39134dd
work_keys_str_mv	AT chiaofeng 3dprintingofthermalinsulatingpolyimidecellulosenanocrystalcompositeaerogelswithlowdimensionalshrinkage AT shengshengyu 3dprintingofthermalinsulatingpolyimidecellulosenanocrystalcompositeaerogelswithlowdimensionalshrinkage
_version_	1718431753515827200

3D Printing of Thermal Insulating Polyimide/Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Aerogels with Low Dimensional Shrinkage

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