New Insights on the Role of Connexins and Gap Junctions Channels in Adipose Tissue and Obesity

Due to the inability to curb the excessive increase in the prevalence of obesity and overweight, it is necessary to comprehend in more detail the factors involved in the pathophysiology and to appreciate more clearly the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of obesity. Thus, understanding the biolog...

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Autores principales:	Jorge Enrique González-Casanova, Samuel Durán-Agüero, Nelson Javier Caro-Fuentes, Maria Elena Gamboa-Arancibia, Tamara Bruna, Valmore Bermúdez, Diana Marcela Rojas-Gómez
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	connexins gap junctions channels adipose tissue obesity cardiovascular diseases Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2f452e2dd0464f58b73e31370c32f0d0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2f452e2dd0464f58b73e31370c32f0d02021-11-25T17:53:46ZNew Insights on the Role of Connexins and Gap Junctions Channels in Adipose Tissue and Obesity10.3390/ijms2222121451422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/2f452e2dd0464f58b73e31370c32f0d02021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12145https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Due to the inability to curb the excessive increase in the prevalence of obesity and overweight, it is necessary to comprehend in more detail the factors involved in the pathophysiology and to appreciate more clearly the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of obesity. Thus, understanding the biological regulation of adipose tissue is of fundamental relevance. Connexin, a protein that forms intercellular membrane channels of gap junctions and unopposed hemichannels, plays a key role in adipogenesis and in the maintenance of adipose tissue homeostasis. The expression and function of Connexin 43 (Cx43) during the different stages of the adipogenesis are differentially regulated. Moreover, it has been shown that cell–cell communication decreases dramatically upon differentiation into adipocytes. Furthermore, inhibition of Cx43 degradation or constitutive overexpression of Cx43 blocks adipocyte differentiation. In the first events of adipogenesis, the connexin is highly phosphorylated, which is likely associated with enhanced Gap Junction (GJ) communication. In an intermediate state of adipocyte differentiation, Cx43 phosphorylation decreases, as it is displaced from the membrane and degraded through the proteasome; thus, Cx43 total protein is reduced. Cx is involved in cardiac disease as well as in obesity-related cardiovascular diseases. Different studies suggest that obesity together with a high-fat diet are related to the production of remodeling factors associated with expression and distribution of Cx43 in the atrium.Jorge Enrique González-CasanovaSamuel Durán-AgüeroNelson Javier Caro-FuentesMaria Elena Gamboa-ArancibiaTamara BrunaValmore BermúdezDiana Marcela Rojas-GómezMDPI AGarticleconnexinsgap junctions channelsadipose tissueobesitycardiovascular diseasesBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12145, p 12145 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	connexins gap junctions channels adipose tissue obesity cardiovascular diseases Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	connexins gap junctions channels adipose tissue obesity cardiovascular diseases Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Jorge Enrique González-Casanova Samuel Durán-Agüero Nelson Javier Caro-Fuentes Maria Elena Gamboa-Arancibia Tamara Bruna Valmore Bermúdez Diana Marcela Rojas-Gómez New Insights on the Role of Connexins and Gap Junctions Channels in Adipose Tissue and Obesity
description	Due to the inability to curb the excessive increase in the prevalence of obesity and overweight, it is necessary to comprehend in more detail the factors involved in the pathophysiology and to appreciate more clearly the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of obesity. Thus, understanding the biological regulation of adipose tissue is of fundamental relevance. Connexin, a protein that forms intercellular membrane channels of gap junctions and unopposed hemichannels, plays a key role in adipogenesis and in the maintenance of adipose tissue homeostasis. The expression and function of Connexin 43 (Cx43) during the different stages of the adipogenesis are differentially regulated. Moreover, it has been shown that cell–cell communication decreases dramatically upon differentiation into adipocytes. Furthermore, inhibition of Cx43 degradation or constitutive overexpression of Cx43 blocks adipocyte differentiation. In the first events of adipogenesis, the connexin is highly phosphorylated, which is likely associated with enhanced Gap Junction (GJ) communication. In an intermediate state of adipocyte differentiation, Cx43 phosphorylation decreases, as it is displaced from the membrane and degraded through the proteasome; thus, Cx43 total protein is reduced. Cx is involved in cardiac disease as well as in obesity-related cardiovascular diseases. Different studies suggest that obesity together with a high-fat diet are related to the production of remodeling factors associated with expression and distribution of Cx43 in the atrium.
format	article
author	Jorge Enrique González-Casanova Samuel Durán-Agüero Nelson Javier Caro-Fuentes Maria Elena Gamboa-Arancibia Tamara Bruna Valmore Bermúdez Diana Marcela Rojas-Gómez
author_facet	Jorge Enrique González-Casanova Samuel Durán-Agüero Nelson Javier Caro-Fuentes Maria Elena Gamboa-Arancibia Tamara Bruna Valmore Bermúdez Diana Marcela Rojas-Gómez
author_sort	Jorge Enrique González-Casanova
title	New Insights on the Role of Connexins and Gap Junctions Channels in Adipose Tissue and Obesity
title_short	New Insights on the Role of Connexins and Gap Junctions Channels in Adipose Tissue and Obesity
title_full	New Insights on the Role of Connexins and Gap Junctions Channels in Adipose Tissue and Obesity
title_fullStr	New Insights on the Role of Connexins and Gap Junctions Channels in Adipose Tissue and Obesity
title_full_unstemmed	New Insights on the Role of Connexins and Gap Junctions Channels in Adipose Tissue and Obesity
title_sort	new insights on the role of connexins and gap junctions channels in adipose tissue and obesity
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2f452e2dd0464f58b73e31370c32f0d0
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New Insights on the Role of Connexins and Gap Junctions Channels in Adipose Tissue and Obesity

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