In vivo magnetic resonance imaging evidence of olfactory bulbs changes in a newborn with congenital Citomegalovirus: a case report

Abstract Background Citomegalovirus (CMV) infects approximately 1% of live newborns. About 10% of the infants affected by congenital CMV infection are symptomatic at birth and up to 60% of these infants will develop permanent neurological disabilities. Depending on gestational age (GA) at the time o...

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Autores principales: Andrea Bianchi, Caterina Coviello, Valentina Leonardi, Michele Luzzati, Stefano Chiti, Daniele Ermini, Vittorio Miele, Enrico Fainardi, Carlo Dani, Elisa Scola
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Publicado: BMC 2021
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:2f4d91aec9444770ad83c4f936ff59312021-11-21T12:42:26ZIn vivo magnetic resonance imaging evidence of olfactory bulbs changes in a newborn with congenital Citomegalovirus: a case report10.1186/s13052-021-01170-w1824-7288https://doaj.org/article/2f4d91aec9444770ad83c4f936ff59312021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-021-01170-whttps://doaj.org/toc/1824-7288Abstract Background Citomegalovirus (CMV) infects approximately 1% of live newborns. About 10% of the infants affected by congenital CMV infection are symptomatic at birth and up to 60% of these infants will develop permanent neurological disabilities. Depending on gestational age (GA) at the time of infection, the involvement of central nervous system (CNS) can lead to malformations of cortical development, calcifications, periventricular white matter lesions and cysts, ventriculomegaly and cerebellar hypoplasia. Case presentation We report the MRI findings in a Caucasian female born at 32 weeks of post-menstrual age with post-birth diagnosis of congenital CMV infection showing an unusual and peculiar marked T2 hyperintensity of the inner part of olfactory bulbs in addition to the CMV related diffuse brain involvement. Despite the known extensively described fetal and neonatal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings in CMV infected fetuses and newborns, any in vivo MRI depiction of olfactory system damage have never been reported so far. Nevertheless, in murine studies CMV is known to infect the placenta during pregnancy showing particular tropism for neural stem cells of the olfactory system and previous neuropathologic study on CMV infected human fetal brains from 23 to 28 weeks of GA reported damage in the olfactory bulbs (OB) consisting in disseminated cytomegalic cells, inflammation, necrosis and neuronal and radial glial cell loss. Therefore, we assume an OB involvement and damage in congenital CMV infection. Conclusion To our knowledge this is the first in vivo MRI evidence of OB damage in a newborn with congenital CMV infection that may give new insights on CMV infection.Andrea BianchiCaterina CovielloValentina LeonardiMichele LuzzatiStefano ChitiDaniele ErminiVittorio MieleEnrico FainardiCarlo DaniElisa ScolaBMCarticleCongenital CitomegalovirusNewbornMagnetic resonance imagingOlfactory bulbsCase reportPediatricsRJ1-570ENItalian Journal of Pediatrics, Vol 47, Iss 1, Pp 1-5 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Congenital Citomegalovirus
Newborn
Magnetic resonance imaging
Olfactory bulbs
Case report
Pediatrics
RJ1-570
spellingShingle Congenital Citomegalovirus
Newborn
Magnetic resonance imaging
Olfactory bulbs
Case report
Pediatrics
RJ1-570
Andrea Bianchi
Caterina Coviello
Valentina Leonardi
Michele Luzzati
Stefano Chiti
Daniele Ermini
Vittorio Miele
Enrico Fainardi
Carlo Dani
Elisa Scola
In vivo magnetic resonance imaging evidence of olfactory bulbs changes in a newborn with congenital Citomegalovirus: a case report
description Abstract Background Citomegalovirus (CMV) infects approximately 1% of live newborns. About 10% of the infants affected by congenital CMV infection are symptomatic at birth and up to 60% of these infants will develop permanent neurological disabilities. Depending on gestational age (GA) at the time of infection, the involvement of central nervous system (CNS) can lead to malformations of cortical development, calcifications, periventricular white matter lesions and cysts, ventriculomegaly and cerebellar hypoplasia. Case presentation We report the MRI findings in a Caucasian female born at 32 weeks of post-menstrual age with post-birth diagnosis of congenital CMV infection showing an unusual and peculiar marked T2 hyperintensity of the inner part of olfactory bulbs in addition to the CMV related diffuse brain involvement. Despite the known extensively described fetal and neonatal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings in CMV infected fetuses and newborns, any in vivo MRI depiction of olfactory system damage have never been reported so far. Nevertheless, in murine studies CMV is known to infect the placenta during pregnancy showing particular tropism for neural stem cells of the olfactory system and previous neuropathologic study on CMV infected human fetal brains from 23 to 28 weeks of GA reported damage in the olfactory bulbs (OB) consisting in disseminated cytomegalic cells, inflammation, necrosis and neuronal and radial glial cell loss. Therefore, we assume an OB involvement and damage in congenital CMV infection. Conclusion To our knowledge this is the first in vivo MRI evidence of OB damage in a newborn with congenital CMV infection that may give new insights on CMV infection.
format article
author Andrea Bianchi
Caterina Coviello
Valentina Leonardi
Michele Luzzati
Stefano Chiti
Daniele Ermini
Vittorio Miele
Enrico Fainardi
Carlo Dani
Elisa Scola
author_facet Andrea Bianchi
Caterina Coviello
Valentina Leonardi
Michele Luzzati
Stefano Chiti
Daniele Ermini
Vittorio Miele
Enrico Fainardi
Carlo Dani
Elisa Scola
author_sort Andrea Bianchi
title In vivo magnetic resonance imaging evidence of olfactory bulbs changes in a newborn with congenital Citomegalovirus: a case report
title_short In vivo magnetic resonance imaging evidence of olfactory bulbs changes in a newborn with congenital Citomegalovirus: a case report
title_full In vivo magnetic resonance imaging evidence of olfactory bulbs changes in a newborn with congenital Citomegalovirus: a case report
title_fullStr In vivo magnetic resonance imaging evidence of olfactory bulbs changes in a newborn with congenital Citomegalovirus: a case report
title_full_unstemmed In vivo magnetic resonance imaging evidence of olfactory bulbs changes in a newborn with congenital Citomegalovirus: a case report
title_sort in vivo magnetic resonance imaging evidence of olfactory bulbs changes in a newborn with congenital citomegalovirus: a case report
publisher BMC
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/2f4d91aec9444770ad83c4f936ff5931
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