Heavy Metal Contents and Assessment of Soil Contamination in Different Land-Use Types in the Qaidam Basin

Due to the unique geographical location and rapid development in the agricultural industry, heavy metals’ risk of soil contamination in the Qaidam Basin is gradually increasing. The following study was conducted to determine the soil heavy metal contents under different types of land use, contaminat...

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Autores principales:	Bayan Nuralykyzy, Pan Wang, Xiaoqian Deng, Shaoshan An, Yimei Huang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	heavy metals land-use types physicochemical properties soil contamination Qaidam Basin Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2f52df72b67e4af6a11870e73c4b260e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2f52df72b67e4af6a11870e73c4b260e2021-11-11T19:40:55ZHeavy Metal Contents and Assessment of Soil Contamination in Different Land-Use Types in the Qaidam Basin10.3390/su1321120202071-1050https://doaj.org/article/2f52df72b67e4af6a11870e73c4b260e2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/12020https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Due to the unique geographical location and rapid development in the agricultural industry, heavy metals’ risk of soil contamination in the Qaidam Basin is gradually increasing. The following study was conducted to determine the soil heavy metal contents under different types of land use, contamination levels, and the physicochemical properties of soil. Soil samples were collected from facility lands, orchards, farmlands, and grasslands at 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil layers. Heavy metals including copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and the soil was evaluated with different methods. Overall, the average Cu (25.07 mg/kg), Cr (45.67 mg/kg), Ni (25.56 mg/kg), Zn (71.24 mg/kg), Pb (14.19 mg/kg), Cd (0.17 mg/kg), As (12.54 mg/kg), and Hg (0.05 mg/kg) were lower than the environmental quality standard. However, the Cu, Cr, Ni, and As were highest in farmland, and Zn and Hg were highest in the facility land. The Pb content was highest in orchards, and the Cd content was the same in facility land, orchards, and farmland. Among the different land-use types, the soil heavy metal concentrations decreased in the order of facility land > farmland > grassland > orchards. The pH was alkaline, the content of SOC (soil organic carbon) 15.76 g/kg in grassland, TN (total nitrogen) 1.43 g/kg, and TP (total phosphorus) 0.97 g/kg in facility land showed the highest result. The soil BD (bulk density) had a significant positive correlation with Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, and the TP positively correlated with Cu, Zn, Cd, and Hg. The soil evaluation results of the comprehensive pollution index indicated that the soil was in a clean condition. The index of potential environmental risk indicates that heavy metals are slightly harmful to the soil.Bayan NuralykyzyPan WangXiaoqian DengShaoshan AnYimei HuangMDPI AGarticleheavy metalsland-use typesphysicochemical propertiessoil contaminationQaidam BasinEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12020, p 12020 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	heavy metals land-use types physicochemical properties soil contamination Qaidam Basin Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	heavy metals land-use types physicochemical properties soil contamination Qaidam Basin Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Bayan Nuralykyzy Pan Wang Xiaoqian Deng Shaoshan An Yimei Huang Heavy Metal Contents and Assessment of Soil Contamination in Different Land-Use Types in the Qaidam Basin
description	Due to the unique geographical location and rapid development in the agricultural industry, heavy metals’ risk of soil contamination in the Qaidam Basin is gradually increasing. The following study was conducted to determine the soil heavy metal contents under different types of land use, contamination levels, and the physicochemical properties of soil. Soil samples were collected from facility lands, orchards, farmlands, and grasslands at 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil layers. Heavy metals including copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and the soil was evaluated with different methods. Overall, the average Cu (25.07 mg/kg), Cr (45.67 mg/kg), Ni (25.56 mg/kg), Zn (71.24 mg/kg), Pb (14.19 mg/kg), Cd (0.17 mg/kg), As (12.54 mg/kg), and Hg (0.05 mg/kg) were lower than the environmental quality standard. However, the Cu, Cr, Ni, and As were highest in farmland, and Zn and Hg were highest in the facility land. The Pb content was highest in orchards, and the Cd content was the same in facility land, orchards, and farmland. Among the different land-use types, the soil heavy metal concentrations decreased in the order of facility land > farmland > grassland > orchards. The pH was alkaline, the content of SOC (soil organic carbon) 15.76 g/kg in grassland, TN (total nitrogen) 1.43 g/kg, and TP (total phosphorus) 0.97 g/kg in facility land showed the highest result. The soil BD (bulk density) had a significant positive correlation with Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, and the TP positively correlated with Cu, Zn, Cd, and Hg. The soil evaluation results of the comprehensive pollution index indicated that the soil was in a clean condition. The index of potential environmental risk indicates that heavy metals are slightly harmful to the soil.
format	article
author	Bayan Nuralykyzy Pan Wang Xiaoqian Deng Shaoshan An Yimei Huang
author_facet	Bayan Nuralykyzy Pan Wang Xiaoqian Deng Shaoshan An Yimei Huang
author_sort	Bayan Nuralykyzy
title	Heavy Metal Contents and Assessment of Soil Contamination in Different Land-Use Types in the Qaidam Basin
title_short	Heavy Metal Contents and Assessment of Soil Contamination in Different Land-Use Types in the Qaidam Basin
title_full	Heavy Metal Contents and Assessment of Soil Contamination in Different Land-Use Types in the Qaidam Basin
title_fullStr	Heavy Metal Contents and Assessment of Soil Contamination in Different Land-Use Types in the Qaidam Basin
title_full_unstemmed	Heavy Metal Contents and Assessment of Soil Contamination in Different Land-Use Types in the Qaidam Basin
title_sort	heavy metal contents and assessment of soil contamination in different land-use types in the qaidam basin
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2f52df72b67e4af6a11870e73c4b260e
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Heavy Metal Contents and Assessment of Soil Contamination in Different Land-Use Types in the Qaidam Basin

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