Modification of Apremilast from Pills to Aerosol a Future Concept

Background: Inhaled drugs have been available in the market for several years and for several diseases. Drugs for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, and diabetes have been used for several years. In the field of drug modification, these drugs range from tablets to aerosol. Metho...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Paul Zarogoulidis, Christoforos Kosmidis, Nikolaos Kougkas, Aimilios Lallas, Dimitris Petridis, Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt, Haidong Huang, Lutz Freitag, Chrisanthi Sardeli
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	nebulisers jet-nebulisers ultrasound nebulisers apremilast psoriasis mastersizer Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2f545a093e504e6bba8c1b6b243e6a2d
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:2f545a093e504e6bba8c1b6b243e6a2d
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2f545a093e504e6bba8c1b6b243e6a2d2021-11-11T16:41:51ZModification of Apremilast from Pills to Aerosol a Future Concept10.3390/ijerph1821115901660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/2f545a093e504e6bba8c1b6b243e6a2d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/21/11590https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Background: Inhaled drugs have been available in the market for several years and for several diseases. Drugs for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, and diabetes have been used for several years. In the field of drug modification, these drugs range from tablets to aerosol. Methods: Milling as used to break down the tablets to powder and nebulisers are used to produce aerosol droplets. A mastersizer was used to measure the mass median aerodynamic diameter of the aerosol droplets. Results: Apremilast produced mmad diameters (2.43 μm) without any statistical difference between the different jet-nebulizers. The residual cup B contributed to greater mmad diameters as the 95% interval of mean values, based on those the ANOVA mean square clearly indicated, followed by cups C and F. The previous interval plot is much better clarified when the interaction means between drug and residual cap are plotted. The residual cups B, C and F produce mmad between (2.0–3.2). Conclusion: In the current research study we demonstrated our methodology to create apremilast powder and produce apremilast aerosol droplets with different nebulisers and residual cups.Paul ZarogoulidisChristoforos KosmidisNikolaos KougkasAimilios LallasDimitris PetridisWolfgang Hohenforst-SchmidtHaidong HuangLutz FreitagChrisanthi SardeliMDPI AGarticlenebulisersjet-nebulisersultrasound nebulisersapremilastpsoriasismastersizerMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11590, p 11590 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	nebulisers jet-nebulisers ultrasound nebulisers apremilast psoriasis mastersizer Medicine R
spellingShingle	nebulisers jet-nebulisers ultrasound nebulisers apremilast psoriasis mastersizer Medicine R Paul Zarogoulidis Christoforos Kosmidis Nikolaos Kougkas Aimilios Lallas Dimitris Petridis Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt Haidong Huang Lutz Freitag Chrisanthi Sardeli Modification of Apremilast from Pills to Aerosol a Future Concept
description	Background: Inhaled drugs have been available in the market for several years and for several diseases. Drugs for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, and diabetes have been used for several years. In the field of drug modification, these drugs range from tablets to aerosol. Methods: Milling as used to break down the tablets to powder and nebulisers are used to produce aerosol droplets. A mastersizer was used to measure the mass median aerodynamic diameter of the aerosol droplets. Results: Apremilast produced mmad diameters (2.43 μm) without any statistical difference between the different jet-nebulizers. The residual cup B contributed to greater mmad diameters as the 95% interval of mean values, based on those the ANOVA mean square clearly indicated, followed by cups C and F. The previous interval plot is much better clarified when the interaction means between drug and residual cap are plotted. The residual cups B, C and F produce mmad between (2.0–3.2). Conclusion: In the current research study we demonstrated our methodology to create apremilast powder and produce apremilast aerosol droplets with different nebulisers and residual cups.
format	article
author	Paul Zarogoulidis Christoforos Kosmidis Nikolaos Kougkas Aimilios Lallas Dimitris Petridis Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt Haidong Huang Lutz Freitag Chrisanthi Sardeli
author_facet	Paul Zarogoulidis Christoforos Kosmidis Nikolaos Kougkas Aimilios Lallas Dimitris Petridis Wolfgang Hohenforst-Schmidt Haidong Huang Lutz Freitag Chrisanthi Sardeli
author_sort	Paul Zarogoulidis
title	Modification of Apremilast from Pills to Aerosol a Future Concept
title_short	Modification of Apremilast from Pills to Aerosol a Future Concept
title_full	Modification of Apremilast from Pills to Aerosol a Future Concept
title_fullStr	Modification of Apremilast from Pills to Aerosol a Future Concept
title_full_unstemmed	Modification of Apremilast from Pills to Aerosol a Future Concept
title_sort	modification of apremilast from pills to aerosol a future concept
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2f545a093e504e6bba8c1b6b243e6a2d
work_keys_str_mv	AT paulzarogoulidis modificationofapremilastfrompillstoaerosolafutureconcept AT christoforoskosmidis modificationofapremilastfrompillstoaerosolafutureconcept AT nikolaoskougkas modificationofapremilastfrompillstoaerosolafutureconcept AT aimilioslallas modificationofapremilastfrompillstoaerosolafutureconcept AT dimitrispetridis modificationofapremilastfrompillstoaerosolafutureconcept AT wolfganghohenforstschmidt modificationofapremilastfrompillstoaerosolafutureconcept AT haidonghuang modificationofapremilastfrompillstoaerosolafutureconcept AT lutzfreitag modificationofapremilastfrompillstoaerosolafutureconcept AT chrisanthisardeli modificationofapremilastfrompillstoaerosolafutureconcept
_version_	1718432229723471872

Modification of Apremilast from Pills to Aerosol a Future Concept

Ejemplares similares