The Fine Art of Writing a Message: RNA Metabolism in the Shaping and Remodeling of the Nervous System

Neuronal morphogenesis, integration into circuits, and remodeling of synaptic connections occur in temporally and spatially defined steps. Accordingly, the expression of proteins and specific protein isoforms that contribute to these processes must be controlled quantitatively in time and space. A w...

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Autores principales:	María Landínez-Macías, Olivier Urwyler
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	RNA-binding proteins neuronal wiring RNA metabolism Musashi neuronal development neurological diseases Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2f602a3d8c1a4c58974af077ed179e20
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2f602a3d8c1a4c58974af077ed179e202021-12-01T19:47:16ZThe Fine Art of Writing a Message: RNA Metabolism in the Shaping and Remodeling of the Nervous System1662-509910.3389/fnmol.2021.755686https://doaj.org/article/2f602a3d8c1a4c58974af077ed179e202021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2021.755686/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1662-5099Neuronal morphogenesis, integration into circuits, and remodeling of synaptic connections occur in temporally and spatially defined steps. Accordingly, the expression of proteins and specific protein isoforms that contribute to these processes must be controlled quantitatively in time and space. A wide variety of post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, which act on pre-mRNA and mRNA molecules contribute to this control. They are thereby critically involved in physiological and pathophysiological nervous system development, function, and maintenance. Here, we review recent findings on how mRNA metabolism contributes to neuronal development, from neural stem cell maintenance to synapse specification, with a particular focus on axon growth, guidance, branching, and synapse formation. We emphasize the role of RNA-binding proteins, and highlight their emerging roles in the poorly understood molecular processes of RNA editing, alternative polyadenylation, and temporal control of splicing, while also discussing alternative splicing, RNA localization, and local translation. We illustrate with the example of the evolutionary conserved Musashi protein family how individual RNA-binding proteins are, on the one hand, acting in different processes of RNA metabolism, and, on the other hand, impacting multiple steps in neuronal development and circuit formation. Finally, we provide links to diseases that have been associated with the malfunction of RNA-binding proteins and disrupted post-transcriptional regulation.María Landínez-MacíasMaría Landínez-MacíasOlivier UrwylerOlivier UrwylerOlivier UrwylerFrontiers Media S.A.articleRNA-binding proteinsneuronal wiringRNA metabolismMusashineuronal developmentneurological diseasesNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENFrontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Vol 14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	RNA-binding proteins neuronal wiring RNA metabolism Musashi neuronal development neurological diseases Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	RNA-binding proteins neuronal wiring RNA metabolism Musashi neuronal development neurological diseases Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 María Landínez-Macías María Landínez-Macías Olivier Urwyler Olivier Urwyler Olivier Urwyler The Fine Art of Writing a Message: RNA Metabolism in the Shaping and Remodeling of the Nervous System
description	Neuronal morphogenesis, integration into circuits, and remodeling of synaptic connections occur in temporally and spatially defined steps. Accordingly, the expression of proteins and specific protein isoforms that contribute to these processes must be controlled quantitatively in time and space. A wide variety of post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, which act on pre-mRNA and mRNA molecules contribute to this control. They are thereby critically involved in physiological and pathophysiological nervous system development, function, and maintenance. Here, we review recent findings on how mRNA metabolism contributes to neuronal development, from neural stem cell maintenance to synapse specification, with a particular focus on axon growth, guidance, branching, and synapse formation. We emphasize the role of RNA-binding proteins, and highlight their emerging roles in the poorly understood molecular processes of RNA editing, alternative polyadenylation, and temporal control of splicing, while also discussing alternative splicing, RNA localization, and local translation. We illustrate with the example of the evolutionary conserved Musashi protein family how individual RNA-binding proteins are, on the one hand, acting in different processes of RNA metabolism, and, on the other hand, impacting multiple steps in neuronal development and circuit formation. Finally, we provide links to diseases that have been associated with the malfunction of RNA-binding proteins and disrupted post-transcriptional regulation.
format	article
author	María Landínez-Macías María Landínez-Macías Olivier Urwyler Olivier Urwyler Olivier Urwyler
author_facet	María Landínez-Macías María Landínez-Macías Olivier Urwyler Olivier Urwyler Olivier Urwyler
author_sort	María Landínez-Macías
title	The Fine Art of Writing a Message: RNA Metabolism in the Shaping and Remodeling of the Nervous System
title_short	The Fine Art of Writing a Message: RNA Metabolism in the Shaping and Remodeling of the Nervous System
title_full	The Fine Art of Writing a Message: RNA Metabolism in the Shaping and Remodeling of the Nervous System
title_fullStr	The Fine Art of Writing a Message: RNA Metabolism in the Shaping and Remodeling of the Nervous System
title_full_unstemmed	The Fine Art of Writing a Message: RNA Metabolism in the Shaping and Remodeling of the Nervous System
title_sort	fine art of writing a message: rna metabolism in the shaping and remodeling of the nervous system
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2f602a3d8c1a4c58974af077ed179e20
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The Fine Art of Writing a Message: RNA Metabolism in the Shaping and Remodeling of the Nervous System

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