Selective axonal growth of embryonic hippocampal neurons according to topographic features of various sizes and shapes

David Y Fozdar1*, Jae Y Lee2*, Christine E Schmidt2&ndash;6, Shaochen Chen1,3&ndash;5,7,1Departments of Mechanical Engineering, 2Chemical Engineering, 3Biomedical Engineering; 4Center for Nano Molecular Science and Technology; 5Texas Materials Institute; 6Institute of Neuroscience; 7...

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Autores principales:	Christine E Schmidt, Jae Y Lee, David Y Fozdar, et al
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2010
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2f62bc827c3c43849c2f11ad1cb19f82
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2f62bc827c3c43849c2f11ad1cb19f822021-12-02T07:45:58ZSelective axonal growth of embryonic hippocampal neurons according to topographic features of various sizes and shapes1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/2f62bc827c3c43849c2f11ad1cb19f822010-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/selective-axonal-growth-of-embryonic-hippocampal-neurons-according-to--a5951https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013David Y Fozdar1, Jae Y Lee2, Christine E Schmidt2&ndash;6, Shaochen Chen1,3&ndash;5,7,1Departments of Mechanical Engineering, 2Chemical Engineering, 3Biomedical Engineering; 4Center for Nano Molecular Science and Technology; 5Texas Materials Institute; 6Institute of Neuroscience; 7Microelectronics Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA *Contributed equally to this workPurpose: Understanding how surface features influence the establishment and outgrowth of the axon of developing neurons at the single cell level may aid in designing implantable scaffolds for the regeneration of damaged nerves. Past studies have shown that micropatterned ridge-groove structures not only instigate axon polarization, alignment, and extension, but are also preferred over smooth surfaces and even neurotrophic ligands.Methods: Here, we performed axonal-outgrowth competition assays using a proprietary four-quadrant topography grid to determine the capacity of various micropatterned topographies to act as stimuli sequestering axon extension. Each topography in the grid consisted of an array of microscale (approximately 2 &micro;m) or submicroscale (approximately 300 nm) holes or lines with variable dimensions. Individual rat embryonic hippocampal cells were positioned either between two juxtaposing topographies or at the borders of individual topographies juxtaposing unpatterned smooth surface, cultured for 24 hours, and analyzed with respect to axonal selection using conventional imaging techniques.Results: Topography was found to influence axon formation and extension relative to smooth surface, and the distance of neurons relative to topography was found to impact whether the topography could serve as an effective cue. Neurons were also found to prefer submicroscale over microscale features and holes over lines for a given feature size.Conclusion: The results suggest that implementing physical cues of various shapes and sizes on nerve guidance conduits and other advanced biomaterial scaffolds could help stimulate axon regeneration.Keywords: axon guidance, micropatterning, polarization, surface topography, tissue engineering Christine E SchmidtJae Y LeeDavid Y Fozdaret alDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2011, Iss default, Pp 45-57 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Christine E Schmidt Jae Y Lee David Y Fozdar et al Selective axonal growth of embryonic hippocampal neurons according to topographic features of various sizes and shapes
description	David Y Fozdar1, Jae Y Lee2, Christine E Schmidt2&ndash;6, Shaochen Chen1,3&ndash;5,7,1Departments of Mechanical Engineering, 2Chemical Engineering, 3Biomedical Engineering; 4Center for Nano Molecular Science and Technology; 5Texas Materials Institute; 6Institute of Neuroscience; 7Microelectronics Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA *Contributed equally to this workPurpose: Understanding how surface features influence the establishment and outgrowth of the axon of developing neurons at the single cell level may aid in designing implantable scaffolds for the regeneration of damaged nerves. Past studies have shown that micropatterned ridge-groove structures not only instigate axon polarization, alignment, and extension, but are also preferred over smooth surfaces and even neurotrophic ligands.Methods: Here, we performed axonal-outgrowth competition assays using a proprietary four-quadrant topography grid to determine the capacity of various micropatterned topographies to act as stimuli sequestering axon extension. Each topography in the grid consisted of an array of microscale (approximately 2 &micro;m) or submicroscale (approximately 300 nm) holes or lines with variable dimensions. Individual rat embryonic hippocampal cells were positioned either between two juxtaposing topographies or at the borders of individual topographies juxtaposing unpatterned smooth surface, cultured for 24 hours, and analyzed with respect to axonal selection using conventional imaging techniques.Results: Topography was found to influence axon formation and extension relative to smooth surface, and the distance of neurons relative to topography was found to impact whether the topography could serve as an effective cue. Neurons were also found to prefer submicroscale over microscale features and holes over lines for a given feature size.Conclusion: The results suggest that implementing physical cues of various shapes and sizes on nerve guidance conduits and other advanced biomaterial scaffolds could help stimulate axon regeneration.Keywords: axon guidance, micropatterning, polarization, surface topography, tissue engineering
format	article
author	Christine E Schmidt Jae Y Lee David Y Fozdar et al
author_facet	Christine E Schmidt Jae Y Lee David Y Fozdar et al
author_sort	Christine E Schmidt
title	Selective axonal growth of embryonic hippocampal neurons according to topographic features of various sizes and shapes
title_short	Selective axonal growth of embryonic hippocampal neurons according to topographic features of various sizes and shapes
title_full	Selective axonal growth of embryonic hippocampal neurons according to topographic features of various sizes and shapes
title_fullStr	Selective axonal growth of embryonic hippocampal neurons according to topographic features of various sizes and shapes
title_full_unstemmed	Selective axonal growth of embryonic hippocampal neurons according to topographic features of various sizes and shapes
title_sort	selective axonal growth of embryonic hippocampal neurons according to topographic features of various sizes and shapes
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/2f62bc827c3c43849c2f11ad1cb19f82
work_keys_str_mv	AT christineeschmidt selectiveaxonalgrowthofembryonichippocampalneuronsaccordingtotopographicfeaturesofvarioussizesandshapes AT jaeylee selectiveaxonalgrowthofembryonichippocampalneuronsaccordingtotopographicfeaturesofvarioussizesandshapes AT davidyfozdar selectiveaxonalgrowthofembryonichippocampalneuronsaccordingtotopographicfeaturesofvarioussizesandshapes AT etal selectiveaxonalgrowthofembryonichippocampalneuronsaccordingtotopographicfeaturesofvarioussizesandshapes
_version_	1718399147626725376

Selective axonal growth of embryonic hippocampal neurons according to topographic features of various sizes and shapes

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