Cultural effects on computational metrics of spatial and temporal context

Abstract The concept of “prediction error” - the difference between what occurred and was expected - is key to understanding the cognitive processes of human decision making. Expectations have to be learned so the concept of prediction error critically depends on context, specifically the temporal c...

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Autores principales:	Nicholas D. Wright, Jan Grohn, Chen Song, Geraint Rees, Rebecca P. Lawson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2f8a529d29cb4111ba6a5b7b1c67bdcc
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:2f8a529d29cb4111ba6a5b7b1c67bdcc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2f8a529d29cb4111ba6a5b7b1c67bdcc2021-12-02T15:08:05ZCultural effects on computational metrics of spatial and temporal context10.1038/s41598-018-20200-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/2f8a529d29cb4111ba6a5b7b1c67bdcc2018-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-20200-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The concept of “prediction error” - the difference between what occurred and was expected - is key to understanding the cognitive processes of human decision making. Expectations have to be learned so the concept of prediction error critically depends on context, specifically the temporal context of probabilistically related events and their changes across time (i.e. volatility). While past research suggests context differently affects some cognitive processes in East Asian and Western individuals, it is currently unknown whether this extends to computationally-grounded measures of learning and prediction error. Here we compared Chinese and British nationals in an associative learning task that quantifies behavioural effects of prediction error, and—through a hierarchical Bayesian learning model—also captures how individuals learn about probabilistic relationships and their volatility. For comparison, we also administered a psychophysical task, the tilt illusion, to assess cultural differences in susceptibility to spatial context. We found no cultural differences in the effect of spatial context on perception. In the domain of temporal context there was no effect of culture on sensitivity to prediction error, or learning about volatility, but some suggestion that Chinese individuals may learn more readily about probabilistic relationships.Nicholas D. WrightJan GrohnChen SongGeraint ReesRebecca P. LawsonNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Nicholas D. Wright Jan Grohn Chen Song Geraint Rees Rebecca P. Lawson Cultural effects on computational metrics of spatial and temporal context
description	Abstract The concept of “prediction error” - the difference between what occurred and was expected - is key to understanding the cognitive processes of human decision making. Expectations have to be learned so the concept of prediction error critically depends on context, specifically the temporal context of probabilistically related events and their changes across time (i.e. volatility). While past research suggests context differently affects some cognitive processes in East Asian and Western individuals, it is currently unknown whether this extends to computationally-grounded measures of learning and prediction error. Here we compared Chinese and British nationals in an associative learning task that quantifies behavioural effects of prediction error, and—through a hierarchical Bayesian learning model—also captures how individuals learn about probabilistic relationships and their volatility. For comparison, we also administered a psychophysical task, the tilt illusion, to assess cultural differences in susceptibility to spatial context. We found no cultural differences in the effect of spatial context on perception. In the domain of temporal context there was no effect of culture on sensitivity to prediction error, or learning about volatility, but some suggestion that Chinese individuals may learn more readily about probabilistic relationships.
format	article
author	Nicholas D. Wright Jan Grohn Chen Song Geraint Rees Rebecca P. Lawson
author_facet	Nicholas D. Wright Jan Grohn Chen Song Geraint Rees Rebecca P. Lawson
author_sort	Nicholas D. Wright
title	Cultural effects on computational metrics of spatial and temporal context
title_short	Cultural effects on computational metrics of spatial and temporal context
title_full	Cultural effects on computational metrics of spatial and temporal context
title_fullStr	Cultural effects on computational metrics of spatial and temporal context
title_full_unstemmed	Cultural effects on computational metrics of spatial and temporal context
title_sort	cultural effects on computational metrics of spatial and temporal context
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/2f8a529d29cb4111ba6a5b7b1c67bdcc
work_keys_str_mv	AT nicholasdwright culturaleffectsoncomputationalmetricsofspatialandtemporalcontext AT jangrohn culturaleffectsoncomputationalmetricsofspatialandtemporalcontext AT chensong culturaleffectsoncomputationalmetricsofspatialandtemporalcontext AT geraintrees culturaleffectsoncomputationalmetricsofspatialandtemporalcontext AT rebeccaplawson culturaleffectsoncomputationalmetricsofspatialandtemporalcontext
_version_	1718388241632067584

Cultural effects on computational metrics of spatial and temporal context

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