Studies on the deposition of copper in lithium-ion batteries during the deep discharge process

Abstract End-of-life lithium-ion batteries represent an important secondary raw material source for nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium compounds in order to obtain starting materials for the production of new cathode material. Each process step in recycling must be performed in such a way contami...

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Autores principales:	Thomas Langner, Tim Sieber, Jörg Acker
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2fd016493c834c2cb7f1111b9af8e7ff
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2fd016493c834c2cb7f1111b9af8e7ff2021-12-02T16:31:03ZStudies on the deposition of copper in lithium-ion batteries during the deep discharge process10.1038/s41598-021-85575-x2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/2fd016493c834c2cb7f1111b9af8e7ff2021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85575-xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract End-of-life lithium-ion batteries represent an important secondary raw material source for nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium compounds in order to obtain starting materials for the production of new cathode material. Each process step in recycling must be performed in such a way contamination products on the cathode material are avoided or reduced. This paper is dedicated to the first step of each recycling process, the deep discharge of lithium-ion batteries, as a prerequisite for the safe opening and disassembling. If pouch cells with different states of charge are connected in series and deep-discharged together, copper deposition occurs preferably in the cell with the lower charge capacity. The current forced through the cell with a low charge capacity leads, after lithium depletion in the anode and the collapse of the solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) to a polarity reversal in which the copper collector of the anode is dissolved and copper is deposited on the cathode surface. Based on measurements of the temperature, voltage drop and copper concentration in the electrolyte at the cell with the originally lower charge capacity, the point of dissolution and incipient deposition of copper could be identified and a model of the processes during deep discharge could be developed.Thomas LangnerTim SieberJörg AckerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Thomas Langner Tim Sieber Jörg Acker Studies on the deposition of copper in lithium-ion batteries during the deep discharge process
description	Abstract End-of-life lithium-ion batteries represent an important secondary raw material source for nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium compounds in order to obtain starting materials for the production of new cathode material. Each process step in recycling must be performed in such a way contamination products on the cathode material are avoided or reduced. This paper is dedicated to the first step of each recycling process, the deep discharge of lithium-ion batteries, as a prerequisite for the safe opening and disassembling. If pouch cells with different states of charge are connected in series and deep-discharged together, copper deposition occurs preferably in the cell with the lower charge capacity. The current forced through the cell with a low charge capacity leads, after lithium depletion in the anode and the collapse of the solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) to a polarity reversal in which the copper collector of the anode is dissolved and copper is deposited on the cathode surface. Based on measurements of the temperature, voltage drop and copper concentration in the electrolyte at the cell with the originally lower charge capacity, the point of dissolution and incipient deposition of copper could be identified and a model of the processes during deep discharge could be developed.
format	article
author	Thomas Langner Tim Sieber Jörg Acker
author_facet	Thomas Langner Tim Sieber Jörg Acker
author_sort	Thomas Langner
title	Studies on the deposition of copper in lithium-ion batteries during the deep discharge process
title_short	Studies on the deposition of copper in lithium-ion batteries during the deep discharge process
title_full	Studies on the deposition of copper in lithium-ion batteries during the deep discharge process
title_fullStr	Studies on the deposition of copper in lithium-ion batteries during the deep discharge process
title_full_unstemmed	Studies on the deposition of copper in lithium-ion batteries during the deep discharge process
title_sort	studies on the deposition of copper in lithium-ion batteries during the deep discharge process
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2fd016493c834c2cb7f1111b9af8e7ff
work_keys_str_mv	AT thomaslangner studiesonthedepositionofcopperinlithiumionbatteriesduringthedeepdischargeprocess AT timsieber studiesonthedepositionofcopperinlithiumionbatteriesduringthedeepdischargeprocess AT jorgacker studiesonthedepositionofcopperinlithiumionbatteriesduringthedeepdischargeprocess
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Studies on the deposition of copper in lithium-ion batteries during the deep discharge process

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