An F-Actin Mega-Cable Is Associated With the Migration of the Sperm Nucleus During the Fertilization of the Polarity-Inverted Central Cell of Agave inaequidens

Asparagaceae’s large embryo sacs display a central cell nucleus polarized toward the chalaza, which means the sperm nucleus that fuses with it during double fertilization migrates an atypical long distance before karyogamy. Because of the size and inverted polarity of the central cell in Asparagacea...

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Autores principales:	Alejandra G. González-Gutiérrez, Antonia Gutiérrez-Mora, Jorge Verdín, Benjamín Rodríguez-Garay
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	Polygonum-type embryo sac chalazal central cell polarity cytoplasmic strands double fertilization helobial endosperm Asparagaceae Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2fddde3ca1c546deb6dbf6e6e5a80495
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2fddde3ca1c546deb6dbf6e6e5a804952021-11-30T19:09:14ZAn F-Actin Mega-Cable Is Associated With the Migration of the Sperm Nucleus During the Fertilization of the Polarity-Inverted Central Cell of Agave inaequidens1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.774098https://doaj.org/article/2fddde3ca1c546deb6dbf6e6e5a804952021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.774098/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XAsparagaceae’s large embryo sacs display a central cell nucleus polarized toward the chalaza, which means the sperm nucleus that fuses with it during double fertilization migrates an atypical long distance before karyogamy. Because of the size and inverted polarity of the central cell in Asparagaceae, we hypothesize that the second fertilization process is supported by an F-actin machinery different from the short-range F-actin structures observed in Arabidopsis and other plant models. Here, we analyzed the F-actin dynamics of Agave inaequidens, a classical Asparagaceae, before, during, and after the central cell fertilization. Several parallel F-actin cables, spanning from the central cell nucleus to the micropylar pole, and enclosing the vacuole, were observed. As fertilization progressed, a thick F-actin mega-cable traversing the vacuole appeared, connecting the central cell nucleus with the micropylar pole near the egg cell. This mega-cable wrapped the sperm nucleus in transit to fuse with the central cell nucleus. Once karyogamy finished, and the endosperm started to develop, the mega-cable disassembled, but new F-actin structures formed. These observations suggest that Asparagaceae, and probably other plant species with similar embryo sacs, evolved an F-actin machinery specifically adapted to support the migration of the fertilizing sperm nucleus within a large-sized and polarity-inverted central cell.Alejandra G. González-GutiérrezAntonia Gutiérrez-MoraJorge VerdínBenjamín Rodríguez-GarayFrontiers Media S.A.articlePolygonum-type embryo sacchalazal central cell polaritycytoplasmic strandsdouble fertilizationhelobial endospermAsparagaceaePlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Polygonum-type embryo sac chalazal central cell polarity cytoplasmic strands double fertilization helobial endosperm Asparagaceae Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	Polygonum-type embryo sac chalazal central cell polarity cytoplasmic strands double fertilization helobial endosperm Asparagaceae Plant culture SB1-1110 Alejandra G. González-Gutiérrez Antonia Gutiérrez-Mora Jorge Verdín Benjamín Rodríguez-Garay An F-Actin Mega-Cable Is Associated With the Migration of the Sperm Nucleus During the Fertilization of the Polarity-Inverted Central Cell of Agave inaequidens
description	Asparagaceae’s large embryo sacs display a central cell nucleus polarized toward the chalaza, which means the sperm nucleus that fuses with it during double fertilization migrates an atypical long distance before karyogamy. Because of the size and inverted polarity of the central cell in Asparagaceae, we hypothesize that the second fertilization process is supported by an F-actin machinery different from the short-range F-actin structures observed in Arabidopsis and other plant models. Here, we analyzed the F-actin dynamics of Agave inaequidens, a classical Asparagaceae, before, during, and after the central cell fertilization. Several parallel F-actin cables, spanning from the central cell nucleus to the micropylar pole, and enclosing the vacuole, were observed. As fertilization progressed, a thick F-actin mega-cable traversing the vacuole appeared, connecting the central cell nucleus with the micropylar pole near the egg cell. This mega-cable wrapped the sperm nucleus in transit to fuse with the central cell nucleus. Once karyogamy finished, and the endosperm started to develop, the mega-cable disassembled, but new F-actin structures formed. These observations suggest that Asparagaceae, and probably other plant species with similar embryo sacs, evolved an F-actin machinery specifically adapted to support the migration of the fertilizing sperm nucleus within a large-sized and polarity-inverted central cell.
format	article
author	Alejandra G. González-Gutiérrez Antonia Gutiérrez-Mora Jorge Verdín Benjamín Rodríguez-Garay
author_facet	Alejandra G. González-Gutiérrez Antonia Gutiérrez-Mora Jorge Verdín Benjamín Rodríguez-Garay
author_sort	Alejandra G. González-Gutiérrez
title	An F-Actin Mega-Cable Is Associated With the Migration of the Sperm Nucleus During the Fertilization of the Polarity-Inverted Central Cell of Agave inaequidens
title_short	An F-Actin Mega-Cable Is Associated With the Migration of the Sperm Nucleus During the Fertilization of the Polarity-Inverted Central Cell of Agave inaequidens
title_full	An F-Actin Mega-Cable Is Associated With the Migration of the Sperm Nucleus During the Fertilization of the Polarity-Inverted Central Cell of Agave inaequidens
title_fullStr	An F-Actin Mega-Cable Is Associated With the Migration of the Sperm Nucleus During the Fertilization of the Polarity-Inverted Central Cell of Agave inaequidens
title_full_unstemmed	An F-Actin Mega-Cable Is Associated With the Migration of the Sperm Nucleus During the Fertilization of the Polarity-Inverted Central Cell of Agave inaequidens
title_sort	f-actin mega-cable is associated with the migration of the sperm nucleus during the fertilization of the polarity-inverted central cell of agave inaequidens
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2fddde3ca1c546deb6dbf6e6e5a80495
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An F-Actin Mega-Cable Is Associated With the Migration of the Sperm Nucleus During the Fertilization of the Polarity-Inverted Central Cell of Agave inaequidens

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