Heavy metal pollution and risk assessment by the battery of toxicity tests

Abstract The current study was carried out on dominant fish Oreochromis niloticus and water collected from the polluted Yamuna River, Agra, India. The heavy metals in water, recorded as follows: Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr > Cd and all were found to be above the prescribed limits....

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Autores principales:	Mohd. Shahnawaz Khan, Mehjbeen Javed, Md. Tabish Rehman, Maryam Urooj, Md. Irshad Ahmad
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2fe58b09297f4ad582a43e5e9e59fdbc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2fe58b09297f4ad582a43e5e9e59fdbc2021-12-02T18:37:06ZHeavy metal pollution and risk assessment by the battery of toxicity tests10.1038/s41598-020-73468-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/2fe58b09297f4ad582a43e5e9e59fdbc2020-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73468-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The current study was carried out on dominant fish Oreochromis niloticus and water collected from the polluted Yamuna River, Agra, India. The heavy metals in water, recorded as follows: Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr > Cd and all were found to be above the prescribed limits. According to metal pollution index, exposed muscle (49.86), kidney (47.68) and liver (45.26) have been recorded to have higher bioaccumulation. The blood biochemical analysis of exposed O. niloticus indicated significant increase in activities of aspartate aminotransferase (+ 343.5%), alkaline phosphatase (+ 673.6%), alanine aminotransferase (+ 309.1%), and creatinine (+ 494.3%) over the reference. However, a significant decrease in albumin (A): globulins (G) ratio (− 87.86%) was observed. Similarly, the exposed fish also showed significant increase in total leucocyte count (+ 121%), differential leucocyte count, respiratory burst (+ 1175%), and nitric oxide synthase (+ 420%). The histological examination of liver and kidney showed tissue injury. Moreover, micronuclei (0.95%), kidney shaped nuclei (1.2%), and lobed nuclei (0.6%) along with DNA damage in the form of mean tail length in the liver (20.7 µm) and kidney (16.5 µm) was observed in the exposed O. niloticus. Potential health risk assessments based on estimated daily intake, target hazard quotient, hazard index, and target cancer risk indicated health risks associated with the consumption of these contaminated fishes. In conclusion, the present study showed that exposure to heavy metals contaminated water can alter immunological response; induce histopathological alterations and DNA damage in the studied fish. The consumption of this contaminated water or fish could have serious impact on human health.Mohd. Shahnawaz KhanMehjbeen JavedMd. Tabish RehmanMaryam UroojMd. Irshad AhmadNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mohd. Shahnawaz Khan Mehjbeen Javed Md. Tabish Rehman Maryam Urooj Md. Irshad Ahmad Heavy metal pollution and risk assessment by the battery of toxicity tests
description	Abstract The current study was carried out on dominant fish Oreochromis niloticus and water collected from the polluted Yamuna River, Agra, India. The heavy metals in water, recorded as follows: Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr > Cd and all were found to be above the prescribed limits. According to metal pollution index, exposed muscle (49.86), kidney (47.68) and liver (45.26) have been recorded to have higher bioaccumulation. The blood biochemical analysis of exposed O. niloticus indicated significant increase in activities of aspartate aminotransferase (+ 343.5%), alkaline phosphatase (+ 673.6%), alanine aminotransferase (+ 309.1%), and creatinine (+ 494.3%) over the reference. However, a significant decrease in albumin (A): globulins (G) ratio (− 87.86%) was observed. Similarly, the exposed fish also showed significant increase in total leucocyte count (+ 121%), differential leucocyte count, respiratory burst (+ 1175%), and nitric oxide synthase (+ 420%). The histological examination of liver and kidney showed tissue injury. Moreover, micronuclei (0.95%), kidney shaped nuclei (1.2%), and lobed nuclei (0.6%) along with DNA damage in the form of mean tail length in the liver (20.7 µm) and kidney (16.5 µm) was observed in the exposed O. niloticus. Potential health risk assessments based on estimated daily intake, target hazard quotient, hazard index, and target cancer risk indicated health risks associated with the consumption of these contaminated fishes. In conclusion, the present study showed that exposure to heavy metals contaminated water can alter immunological response; induce histopathological alterations and DNA damage in the studied fish. The consumption of this contaminated water or fish could have serious impact on human health.
format	article
author	Mohd. Shahnawaz Khan Mehjbeen Javed Md. Tabish Rehman Maryam Urooj Md. Irshad Ahmad
author_facet	Mohd. Shahnawaz Khan Mehjbeen Javed Md. Tabish Rehman Maryam Urooj Md. Irshad Ahmad
author_sort	Mohd. Shahnawaz Khan
title	Heavy metal pollution and risk assessment by the battery of toxicity tests
title_short	Heavy metal pollution and risk assessment by the battery of toxicity tests
title_full	Heavy metal pollution and risk assessment by the battery of toxicity tests
title_fullStr	Heavy metal pollution and risk assessment by the battery of toxicity tests
title_full_unstemmed	Heavy metal pollution and risk assessment by the battery of toxicity tests
title_sort	heavy metal pollution and risk assessment by the battery of toxicity tests
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/2fe58b09297f4ad582a43e5e9e59fdbc
work_keys_str_mv	AT mohdshahnawazkhan heavymetalpollutionandriskassessmentbythebatteryoftoxicitytests AT mehjbeenjaved heavymetalpollutionandriskassessmentbythebatteryoftoxicitytests AT mdtabishrehman heavymetalpollutionandriskassessmentbythebatteryoftoxicitytests AT maryamurooj heavymetalpollutionandriskassessmentbythebatteryoftoxicitytests AT mdirshadahmad heavymetalpollutionandriskassessmentbythebatteryoftoxicitytests
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Heavy metal pollution and risk assessment by the battery of toxicity tests

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