How Maize Seed Systems Can Contribute to the Control of Mycotoxigenic Fungal Infection: A Perspective

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi on agricultural produce. Mycotoxins can be cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, and teratogenic, and they are persistent threats to human and animal health. Consumption of mycotoxin-contaminated maize can cause cancer and even sudden death. He...

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Autores principales:	P. Christiaan Biemond, Tjeerd Jan Stomph, P. Lava Kumar, Paul C. Struik
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Fusarium verticillioides</i> mycotoxigenic fungi mycotoxins seed systems sub-Saharan Africa <i>Zea mays</i> Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/2ffb0132995b4d478399bece6f012478
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:2ffb0132995b4d478399bece6f012478
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:2ffb0132995b4d478399bece6f0124782021-11-25T16:04:58ZHow Maize Seed Systems Can Contribute to the Control of Mycotoxigenic Fungal Infection: A Perspective10.3390/agronomy111121682073-4395https://doaj.org/article/2ffb0132995b4d478399bece6f0124782021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2168https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi on agricultural produce. Mycotoxins can be cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, and teratogenic, and they are persistent threats to human and animal health. Consumption of mycotoxin-contaminated maize can cause cancer and even sudden death. Health hazards can also occur from consuming products from animals fed with mycotoxin-contaminated feed or forage. The main mode of spread of mycotoxigenic fungi is through air-borne spores originating from soil or plant debris, although some fungi can also spread through infected seed-to-seedling transmission, ultimately followed by contamination of the harvestable product. This perspective assesses opportunities to prevent mycotoxigenic fungal infection in maize seeds produced for sowing as an important starting point of crop contamination. A case study of Nigeria showed infection in all tested farmer-produced, seed company, and foundation seed samples. A schematic overview of the formal and informal seed systems is presented to analyze their contribution to fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination in the maize value chain, as well as to set criteria for successful control. We recommend an integrated approach to control mycotoxigenic fungal infection, including resistant varieties and other control methods during seed production, grain production, and grain storage, with an important role in maintaining seed health.P. Christiaan BiemondTjeerd Jan StomphP. Lava KumarPaul C. StruikMDPI AGarticle<i>Fusarium verticillioides</i>mycotoxigenic fungimycotoxinsseed systemssub-Saharan Africa<i>Zea mays</i>AgricultureSENAgronomy, Vol 11, Iss 2168, p 2168 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Fusarium verticillioides</i> mycotoxigenic fungi mycotoxins seed systems sub-Saharan Africa <i>Zea mays</i> Agriculture S
spellingShingle	<i>Fusarium verticillioides</i> mycotoxigenic fungi mycotoxins seed systems sub-Saharan Africa <i>Zea mays</i> Agriculture S P. Christiaan Biemond Tjeerd Jan Stomph P. Lava Kumar Paul C. Struik How Maize Seed Systems Can Contribute to the Control of Mycotoxigenic Fungal Infection: A Perspective
description	Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi on agricultural produce. Mycotoxins can be cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, and teratogenic, and they are persistent threats to human and animal health. Consumption of mycotoxin-contaminated maize can cause cancer and even sudden death. Health hazards can also occur from consuming products from animals fed with mycotoxin-contaminated feed or forage. The main mode of spread of mycotoxigenic fungi is through air-borne spores originating from soil or plant debris, although some fungi can also spread through infected seed-to-seedling transmission, ultimately followed by contamination of the harvestable product. This perspective assesses opportunities to prevent mycotoxigenic fungal infection in maize seeds produced for sowing as an important starting point of crop contamination. A case study of Nigeria showed infection in all tested farmer-produced, seed company, and foundation seed samples. A schematic overview of the formal and informal seed systems is presented to analyze their contribution to fungal infection and mycotoxin contamination in the maize value chain, as well as to set criteria for successful control. We recommend an integrated approach to control mycotoxigenic fungal infection, including resistant varieties and other control methods during seed production, grain production, and grain storage, with an important role in maintaining seed health.
format	article
author	P. Christiaan Biemond Tjeerd Jan Stomph P. Lava Kumar Paul C. Struik
author_facet	P. Christiaan Biemond Tjeerd Jan Stomph P. Lava Kumar Paul C. Struik
author_sort	P. Christiaan Biemond
title	How Maize Seed Systems Can Contribute to the Control of Mycotoxigenic Fungal Infection: A Perspective
title_short	How Maize Seed Systems Can Contribute to the Control of Mycotoxigenic Fungal Infection: A Perspective
title_full	How Maize Seed Systems Can Contribute to the Control of Mycotoxigenic Fungal Infection: A Perspective
title_fullStr	How Maize Seed Systems Can Contribute to the Control of Mycotoxigenic Fungal Infection: A Perspective
title_full_unstemmed	How Maize Seed Systems Can Contribute to the Control of Mycotoxigenic Fungal Infection: A Perspective
title_sort	how maize seed systems can contribute to the control of mycotoxigenic fungal infection: a perspective
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/2ffb0132995b4d478399bece6f012478
work_keys_str_mv	AT pchristiaanbiemond howmaizeseedsystemscancontributetothecontrolofmycotoxigenicfungalinfectionaperspective AT tjeerdjanstomph howmaizeseedsystemscancontributetothecontrolofmycotoxigenicfungalinfectionaperspective AT plavakumar howmaizeseedsystemscancontributetothecontrolofmycotoxigenicfungalinfectionaperspective AT paulcstruik howmaizeseedsystemscancontributetothecontrolofmycotoxigenicfungalinfectionaperspective
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How Maize Seed Systems Can Contribute to the Control of Mycotoxigenic Fungal Infection: A Perspective

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