Priming with skin-problems increases fear of clusters

Abstract Trypophobia is induced by viewing multiple clustered objects. To date, several studies have investigated why certain people experience discomfort when looking at clustered patterns. Recently, “involuntary protection against dermatosis” (IPAD) hypothesis was proposed to explain the causes of...

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Autores principales:	Risako Shirai, Hirokazu Ogawa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3000a4a5a9b84ee485ec75fff72f01a4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3000a4a5a9b84ee485ec75fff72f01a42021-12-02T17:15:32ZPriming with skin-problems increases fear of clusters10.1038/s41598-021-89917-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/3000a4a5a9b84ee485ec75fff72f01a42021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89917-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Trypophobia is induced by viewing multiple clustered objects. To date, several studies have investigated why certain people experience discomfort when looking at clustered patterns. Recently, “involuntary protection against dermatosis” (IPAD) hypothesis was proposed to explain the causes of trypophobia. The IPAD hypothesis suggests that involuntary aversive responses to skin diseases cause discomfort in response to image clusters. However, this idea has not been fully investigated empirically. Therefore, the present study used a modified version of the priming procedure and tested whether the activation of the concept of skin-related diseases affected the evaluation of trypophobic images. In Experiment 1, participants engaged in a lexical decision task in which words related to skin problems, negative events, or neutral events were presented. Then, they evaluated the discomfort of trypophobic, negative, and neutral images. The results indicated that participants evaluated trypophobic images as more discomforting after they were exposed to skin-problem-related words, whereas the exposure to words related to skin-problems did not enhance the discomfort of negative images. These findings demonstrate that the association with skin-related problems increases the discomfort of trypophobic images. In Experiment 2, we further tested the reproducibility of the priming effect observed in Experiment 1 and investigated the effect of priming with words related to COVID-19 in the context of a spreading infection. Contrary to predictions, no priming effect was produced by either skin-related words or COVID-19-related words. Future studies should further explore the causal relationship of the association between skin disease and trypophobia.Risako ShiraiHirokazu OgawaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Risako Shirai Hirokazu Ogawa Priming with skin-problems increases fear of clusters
description	Abstract Trypophobia is induced by viewing multiple clustered objects. To date, several studies have investigated why certain people experience discomfort when looking at clustered patterns. Recently, “involuntary protection against dermatosis” (IPAD) hypothesis was proposed to explain the causes of trypophobia. The IPAD hypothesis suggests that involuntary aversive responses to skin diseases cause discomfort in response to image clusters. However, this idea has not been fully investigated empirically. Therefore, the present study used a modified version of the priming procedure and tested whether the activation of the concept of skin-related diseases affected the evaluation of trypophobic images. In Experiment 1, participants engaged in a lexical decision task in which words related to skin problems, negative events, or neutral events were presented. Then, they evaluated the discomfort of trypophobic, negative, and neutral images. The results indicated that participants evaluated trypophobic images as more discomforting after they were exposed to skin-problem-related words, whereas the exposure to words related to skin-problems did not enhance the discomfort of negative images. These findings demonstrate that the association with skin-related problems increases the discomfort of trypophobic images. In Experiment 2, we further tested the reproducibility of the priming effect observed in Experiment 1 and investigated the effect of priming with words related to COVID-19 in the context of a spreading infection. Contrary to predictions, no priming effect was produced by either skin-related words or COVID-19-related words. Future studies should further explore the causal relationship of the association between skin disease and trypophobia.
format	article
author	Risako Shirai Hirokazu Ogawa
author_facet	Risako Shirai Hirokazu Ogawa
author_sort	Risako Shirai
title	Priming with skin-problems increases fear of clusters
title_short	Priming with skin-problems increases fear of clusters
title_full	Priming with skin-problems increases fear of clusters
title_fullStr	Priming with skin-problems increases fear of clusters
title_full_unstemmed	Priming with skin-problems increases fear of clusters
title_sort	priming with skin-problems increases fear of clusters
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3000a4a5a9b84ee485ec75fff72f01a4
work_keys_str_mv	AT risakoshirai primingwithskinproblemsincreasesfearofclusters AT hirokazuogawa primingwithskinproblemsincreasesfearofclusters
_version_	1718381253097422848

Priming with skin-problems increases fear of clusters

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