Energy and Emission Implications of Electric Vehicles Integration with Nearly and Net Zero Energy Buildings

Buildings and the mobility sectors are the two sectors that currently utilize large amount of fossil-based energy. The aim of the paper is to, critically analyse the integration of electric vehicles (EV) energy load with the building’s energy load. The qualitative and quantitative methods are used t...

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Autores principales:	Hassam ur Rehman, Jan Diriken, Ala Hasan, Stijn Verbeke, Francesco Reda
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	building energy performance building policy e-mobility regulation emission reduction path photovoltaic renewable energy Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/302e77105c394f8d9b821f1e01ae1752
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:302e77105c394f8d9b821f1e01ae17522021-11-11T15:48:27ZEnergy and Emission Implications of Electric Vehicles Integration with Nearly and Net Zero Energy Buildings10.3390/en142169901996-1073https://doaj.org/article/302e77105c394f8d9b821f1e01ae17522021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/6990https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073Buildings and the mobility sectors are the two sectors that currently utilize large amount of fossil-based energy. The aim of the paper is to, critically analyse the integration of electric vehicles (EV) energy load with the building’s energy load. The qualitative and quantitative methods are used to analyse the nearly/net zero energy buildings and the mobility plans of the Europe along with the challenges of the plans. It is proposed to either include or exclude the EV load within the building’s energy load and follow the emissions calculation path, rather than energy calculation path for buildings to identify the benefits. Two real case studies in a central European climate are used to analysis the energy performance of the building with and without EV load integration and the emissions produced due to their interaction. It is shown that by replacing fossil-fuel cars with EVs within the building boundary, overall emissions can be reduced by 11–35% depending on the case study. However, the energy demand increased by 27–95% when the EV load was added with the building load. Hence, the goal to reach the nearly/net zero energy building target becomes more challenging. Therefore, the emission path can present the benefits of EV and building load integration.Hassam ur RehmanJan DirikenAla HasanStijn VerbekeFrancesco RedaMDPI AGarticlebuilding energy performancebuilding policye-mobility regulationemission reduction pathphotovoltaicrenewable energyTechnologyTENEnergies, Vol 14, Iss 6990, p 6990 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	building energy performance building policy e-mobility regulation emission reduction path photovoltaic renewable energy Technology T
spellingShingle	building energy performance building policy e-mobility regulation emission reduction path photovoltaic renewable energy Technology T Hassam ur Rehman Jan Diriken Ala Hasan Stijn Verbeke Francesco Reda Energy and Emission Implications of Electric Vehicles Integration with Nearly and Net Zero Energy Buildings
description	Buildings and the mobility sectors are the two sectors that currently utilize large amount of fossil-based energy. The aim of the paper is to, critically analyse the integration of electric vehicles (EV) energy load with the building’s energy load. The qualitative and quantitative methods are used to analyse the nearly/net zero energy buildings and the mobility plans of the Europe along with the challenges of the plans. It is proposed to either include or exclude the EV load within the building’s energy load and follow the emissions calculation path, rather than energy calculation path for buildings to identify the benefits. Two real case studies in a central European climate are used to analysis the energy performance of the building with and without EV load integration and the emissions produced due to their interaction. It is shown that by replacing fossil-fuel cars with EVs within the building boundary, overall emissions can be reduced by 11–35% depending on the case study. However, the energy demand increased by 27–95% when the EV load was added with the building load. Hence, the goal to reach the nearly/net zero energy building target becomes more challenging. Therefore, the emission path can present the benefits of EV and building load integration.
format	article
author	Hassam ur Rehman Jan Diriken Ala Hasan Stijn Verbeke Francesco Reda
author_facet	Hassam ur Rehman Jan Diriken Ala Hasan Stijn Verbeke Francesco Reda
author_sort	Hassam ur Rehman
title	Energy and Emission Implications of Electric Vehicles Integration with Nearly and Net Zero Energy Buildings
title_short	Energy and Emission Implications of Electric Vehicles Integration with Nearly and Net Zero Energy Buildings
title_full	Energy and Emission Implications of Electric Vehicles Integration with Nearly and Net Zero Energy Buildings
title_fullStr	Energy and Emission Implications of Electric Vehicles Integration with Nearly and Net Zero Energy Buildings
title_full_unstemmed	Energy and Emission Implications of Electric Vehicles Integration with Nearly and Net Zero Energy Buildings
title_sort	energy and emission implications of electric vehicles integration with nearly and net zero energy buildings
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/302e77105c394f8d9b821f1e01ae1752
work_keys_str_mv	AT hassamurrehman energyandemissionimplicationsofelectricvehiclesintegrationwithnearlyandnetzeroenergybuildings AT jandiriken energyandemissionimplicationsofelectricvehiclesintegrationwithnearlyandnetzeroenergybuildings AT alahasan energyandemissionimplicationsofelectricvehiclesintegrationwithnearlyandnetzeroenergybuildings AT stijnverbeke energyandemissionimplicationsofelectricvehiclesintegrationwithnearlyandnetzeroenergybuildings AT francescoreda energyandemissionimplicationsofelectricvehiclesintegrationwithnearlyandnetzeroenergybuildings
_version_	1718433819722252288

Energy and Emission Implications of Electric Vehicles Integration with Nearly and Net Zero Energy Buildings

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