Identification and evolution of nuclear receptors in Platyhelminths.

Since the first complete set of Platyhelminth nuclear receptors (NRs) from Schistosoma mansoni were identified a decade ago, more flatworm genome data is available to identify their NR complement and to analyze the evolutionary relationship of Platyhelminth NRs. NRs are important transcriptional mod...

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Autores principales:	Wenjie Wu, Philip T LoVerde
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3035e2d9b2ad401ca77b654c36077664
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3035e2d9b2ad401ca77b654c360776642021-12-02T20:18:11ZIdentification and evolution of nuclear receptors in Platyhelminths.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0250750https://doaj.org/article/3035e2d9b2ad401ca77b654c360776642021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250750https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Since the first complete set of Platyhelminth nuclear receptors (NRs) from Schistosoma mansoni were identified a decade ago, more flatworm genome data is available to identify their NR complement and to analyze the evolutionary relationship of Platyhelminth NRs. NRs are important transcriptional modulators that regulate development, differentiation and reproduction of animals. In this study, NRs are identified in genome databases of thirty-three species including in all Platyhelminth classes (Rhabditophora, Monogenea, Cestoda and Trematoda). Phylogenetic analysis shows that NRs in Platyhelminths follow two different evolutionary lineages: 1) NRs in a free-living freshwater flatworm (Schmidtea mediterranea) and all parasitic flatworms share the same evolutionary lineage with extensive gene loss. 2) NRs in a free-living intertidal zone flatworm (Macrostomum lignano) follow a different evolutionary lineage with a feature of multiple gene duplication and gene divergence. The DNA binding domain (DBD) is the most conserved region in NRs which contains two C4-type zinc finger motifs. A novel zinc finger motif is identified in parasitic flatworm NRs: the second zinc finger of parasitic Platyhelminth HR96b possesses a CHC2 motif which is not found in NRs of all other animals studied to date. In this study, novel NRs (members of NR subfamily 3 and 6) are identified in flatworms, this result demonstrates that members of all six classical NR subfamilies are present in the Platyhelminth phylum. NR gene duplication, loss and divergence in Platyhelminths are analyzed along with the evolutionary relationship of Platyhelminth NRs.Wenjie WuPhilip T LoVerdePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0250750 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Wenjie Wu Philip T LoVerde Identification and evolution of nuclear receptors in Platyhelminths.
description	Since the first complete set of Platyhelminth nuclear receptors (NRs) from Schistosoma mansoni were identified a decade ago, more flatworm genome data is available to identify their NR complement and to analyze the evolutionary relationship of Platyhelminth NRs. NRs are important transcriptional modulators that regulate development, differentiation and reproduction of animals. In this study, NRs are identified in genome databases of thirty-three species including in all Platyhelminth classes (Rhabditophora, Monogenea, Cestoda and Trematoda). Phylogenetic analysis shows that NRs in Platyhelminths follow two different evolutionary lineages: 1) NRs in a free-living freshwater flatworm (Schmidtea mediterranea) and all parasitic flatworms share the same evolutionary lineage with extensive gene loss. 2) NRs in a free-living intertidal zone flatworm (Macrostomum lignano) follow a different evolutionary lineage with a feature of multiple gene duplication and gene divergence. The DNA binding domain (DBD) is the most conserved region in NRs which contains two C4-type zinc finger motifs. A novel zinc finger motif is identified in parasitic flatworm NRs: the second zinc finger of parasitic Platyhelminth HR96b possesses a CHC2 motif which is not found in NRs of all other animals studied to date. In this study, novel NRs (members of NR subfamily 3 and 6) are identified in flatworms, this result demonstrates that members of all six classical NR subfamilies are present in the Platyhelminth phylum. NR gene duplication, loss and divergence in Platyhelminths are analyzed along with the evolutionary relationship of Platyhelminth NRs.
format	article
author	Wenjie Wu Philip T LoVerde
author_facet	Wenjie Wu Philip T LoVerde
author_sort	Wenjie Wu
title	Identification and evolution of nuclear receptors in Platyhelminths.
title_short	Identification and evolution of nuclear receptors in Platyhelminths.
title_full	Identification and evolution of nuclear receptors in Platyhelminths.
title_fullStr	Identification and evolution of nuclear receptors in Platyhelminths.
title_full_unstemmed	Identification and evolution of nuclear receptors in Platyhelminths.
title_sort	identification and evolution of nuclear receptors in platyhelminths.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3035e2d9b2ad401ca77b654c36077664
work_keys_str_mv	AT wenjiewu identificationandevolutionofnuclearreceptorsinplatyhelminths AT philiptloverde identificationandevolutionofnuclearreceptorsinplatyhelminths
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Identification and evolution of nuclear receptors in Platyhelminths.

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