An exercise “sweet spot” reverses cognitive deficits of aging by growth-hormone-induced neurogenesis

Summary: Hippocampal function is critical for spatial and contextual learning, and its decline with age contributes to cognitive impairment. Exercise can improve hippocampal function, however, the amount of exercise and mechanisms mediating improvement remain largely unknown. Here, we show exercise...

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Autores principales:	Daniel G. Blackmore, Frederik J. Steyn, Alison Carlisle, Imogen O’Keeffe, King-Year Vien, Xiaoqing Zhou, Odette Leiter, Dhanisha Jhaveri, Jana Vukovic, Michael J. Waters, Perry F. Bartlett
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Age Endocrine system physiology Neuroscience Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3047f38d7a0d44598f65f789ccf182a5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3047f38d7a0d44598f65f789ccf182a52021-11-20T05:09:11ZAn exercise “sweet spot” reverses cognitive deficits of aging by growth-hormone-induced neurogenesis2589-004210.1016/j.isci.2021.103275https://doaj.org/article/3047f38d7a0d44598f65f789ccf182a52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S258900422101244Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2589-0042Summary: Hippocampal function is critical for spatial and contextual learning, and its decline with age contributes to cognitive impairment. Exercise can improve hippocampal function, however, the amount of exercise and mechanisms mediating improvement remain largely unknown. Here, we show exercise reverses learning deficits in aged (24 months) female mice but only when it occurs for a specific duration, with longer or shorter periods proving ineffective. A spike in the levels of growth hormone (GH) and a corresponding increase in neurogenesis during this sweet spot mediate this effect because blocking GH receptor with a competitive antagonist or depleting newborn neurons abrogates the exercise-induced cognitive improvement. Moreover, raising GH levels with GH-releasing hormone agonist improved cognition in nonrunners. We show that GH stimulates neural precursors directly, indicating the link between raised GH and neurogenesis is the basis for the substantially improved learning in aged animals.Daniel G. BlackmoreFrederik J. SteynAlison CarlisleImogen O’KeeffeKing-Year VienXiaoqing ZhouOdette LeiterDhanisha JhaveriJana VukovicMichael J. WatersPerry F. BartlettElsevierarticleAgeEndocrine system physiologyNeuroscienceScienceQENiScience, Vol 24, Iss 11, Pp 103275- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Age Endocrine system physiology Neuroscience Science Q
spellingShingle	Age Endocrine system physiology Neuroscience Science Q Daniel G. Blackmore Frederik J. Steyn Alison Carlisle Imogen O’Keeffe King-Year Vien Xiaoqing Zhou Odette Leiter Dhanisha Jhaveri Jana Vukovic Michael J. Waters Perry F. Bartlett An exercise “sweet spot” reverses cognitive deficits of aging by growth-hormone-induced neurogenesis
description	Summary: Hippocampal function is critical for spatial and contextual learning, and its decline with age contributes to cognitive impairment. Exercise can improve hippocampal function, however, the amount of exercise and mechanisms mediating improvement remain largely unknown. Here, we show exercise reverses learning deficits in aged (24 months) female mice but only when it occurs for a specific duration, with longer or shorter periods proving ineffective. A spike in the levels of growth hormone (GH) and a corresponding increase in neurogenesis during this sweet spot mediate this effect because blocking GH receptor with a competitive antagonist or depleting newborn neurons abrogates the exercise-induced cognitive improvement. Moreover, raising GH levels with GH-releasing hormone agonist improved cognition in nonrunners. We show that GH stimulates neural precursors directly, indicating the link between raised GH and neurogenesis is the basis for the substantially improved learning in aged animals.
format	article
author	Daniel G. Blackmore Frederik J. Steyn Alison Carlisle Imogen O’Keeffe King-Year Vien Xiaoqing Zhou Odette Leiter Dhanisha Jhaveri Jana Vukovic Michael J. Waters Perry F. Bartlett
author_facet	Daniel G. Blackmore Frederik J. Steyn Alison Carlisle Imogen O’Keeffe King-Year Vien Xiaoqing Zhou Odette Leiter Dhanisha Jhaveri Jana Vukovic Michael J. Waters Perry F. Bartlett
author_sort	Daniel G. Blackmore
title	An exercise “sweet spot” reverses cognitive deficits of aging by growth-hormone-induced neurogenesis
title_short	An exercise “sweet spot” reverses cognitive deficits of aging by growth-hormone-induced neurogenesis
title_full	An exercise “sweet spot” reverses cognitive deficits of aging by growth-hormone-induced neurogenesis
title_fullStr	An exercise “sweet spot” reverses cognitive deficits of aging by growth-hormone-induced neurogenesis
title_full_unstemmed	An exercise “sweet spot” reverses cognitive deficits of aging by growth-hormone-induced neurogenesis
title_sort	exercise “sweet spot” reverses cognitive deficits of aging by growth-hormone-induced neurogenesis
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3047f38d7a0d44598f65f789ccf182a5
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An exercise “sweet spot” reverses cognitive deficits of aging by growth-hormone-induced neurogenesis

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