Yawn contagion in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa)

Abstract Contrary to spontaneous yawning—an ancient phenomenon common to vertebrates—contagious yawning (elicited by others’ yawns) has been found only in highly social species and may reflect an emotional inter-individual connection. We investigated yawn contagion in the domestic pig, Sus scrofa. O...

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Autores principales:	Ivan Norscia, Elisabetta Coco, Carlo Robino, Elena Chierto, Giada Cordoni
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/307ba2c2911043e29e04fc719dd947d6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:307ba2c2911043e29e04fc719dd947d62021-12-02T15:23:47ZYawn contagion in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa)10.1038/s41598-020-80545-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/307ba2c2911043e29e04fc719dd947d62021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80545-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Contrary to spontaneous yawning—an ancient phenomenon common to vertebrates—contagious yawning (elicited by others’ yawns) has been found only in highly social species and may reflect an emotional inter-individual connection. We investigated yawn contagion in the domestic pig, Sus scrofa. Owing to the complex socio-emotional and cognitive abilities of Sus scrofa, we posited that yawn contagion could be present in this species (Prediction 1) and influenced by individual/social factors (Prediction 2). In June-November 2018, on 104 semi-free ranging adolescent/adult pigs, 224 videos were recorded for video analysis on yawning. Kinship information was refined via genetic analyses. Statistical elaboration was conducted via GLMMs and non-parametric/randomization/cross-tabulation tests. We found yawn contagion in Sus scrofa, as it was more likely that pigs yawned when perceiving rather than not perceiving (yawning/control condition) others’ yawns (response peak in the first out of three minutes). Yawn contagion was more likely: (1) in response to males’ yawns; (2) as the age increased; (3) within short distance (1 m); (4) between full siblings, with no significant association between kinship and distance. The influence of kinship suggests that—as also hypothesized for Homo sapiens—yawn contagion might be linked with emotional communication and possibly contagion.Ivan NorsciaElisabetta CocoCarlo RobinoElena ChiertoGiada CordoniNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ivan Norscia Elisabetta Coco Carlo Robino Elena Chierto Giada Cordoni Yawn contagion in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa)
description	Abstract Contrary to spontaneous yawning—an ancient phenomenon common to vertebrates—contagious yawning (elicited by others’ yawns) has been found only in highly social species and may reflect an emotional inter-individual connection. We investigated yawn contagion in the domestic pig, Sus scrofa. Owing to the complex socio-emotional and cognitive abilities of Sus scrofa, we posited that yawn contagion could be present in this species (Prediction 1) and influenced by individual/social factors (Prediction 2). In June-November 2018, on 104 semi-free ranging adolescent/adult pigs, 224 videos were recorded for video analysis on yawning. Kinship information was refined via genetic analyses. Statistical elaboration was conducted via GLMMs and non-parametric/randomization/cross-tabulation tests. We found yawn contagion in Sus scrofa, as it was more likely that pigs yawned when perceiving rather than not perceiving (yawning/control condition) others’ yawns (response peak in the first out of three minutes). Yawn contagion was more likely: (1) in response to males’ yawns; (2) as the age increased; (3) within short distance (1 m); (4) between full siblings, with no significant association between kinship and distance. The influence of kinship suggests that—as also hypothesized for Homo sapiens—yawn contagion might be linked with emotional communication and possibly contagion.
format	article
author	Ivan Norscia Elisabetta Coco Carlo Robino Elena Chierto Giada Cordoni
author_facet	Ivan Norscia Elisabetta Coco Carlo Robino Elena Chierto Giada Cordoni
author_sort	Ivan Norscia
title	Yawn contagion in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa)
title_short	Yawn contagion in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa)
title_full	Yawn contagion in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa)
title_fullStr	Yawn contagion in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa)
title_full_unstemmed	Yawn contagion in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa)
title_sort	yawn contagion in domestic pigs (sus scrofa)
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/307ba2c2911043e29e04fc719dd947d6
work_keys_str_mv	AT ivannorscia yawncontagionindomesticpigssusscrofa AT elisabettacoco yawncontagionindomesticpigssusscrofa AT carlorobino yawncontagionindomesticpigssusscrofa AT elenachierto yawncontagionindomesticpigssusscrofa AT giadacordoni yawncontagionindomesticpigssusscrofa
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Yawn contagion in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa)

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