Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia
Marty Hinz,1 Alvin Stein,2 Ted Cole3 1Clinical Research, NeuroResearch Clinics, Cape Coral, FL, 2Stein Orthopedic Associates, Plantation, FL, 3Cole Center for Healing, Cincinnati, OH, USA Abstract: When ʟ-dopa use began in the early 1960s for the treatment of Parkinson's disease,...
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Dove Medical Press
2014
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oai:doaj.org-article:3085a805133f430c89d5345a01adf29a2021-12-02T02:53:39ZParkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia1179-1438https://doaj.org/article/3085a805133f430c89d5345a01adf29a2014-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/parkinson39s-disease-carbidopa-nausea-and-dyskinesia-peer-reviewed-article-CPAAhttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1438 Marty Hinz,1 Alvin Stein,2 Ted Cole3 1Clinical Research, NeuroResearch Clinics, Cape Coral, FL, 2Stein Orthopedic Associates, Plantation, FL, 3Cole Center for Healing, Cincinnati, OH, USA Abstract: When ʟ-dopa use began in the early 1960s for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, nausea and reversible dyskinesias were experienced as continuing side effects. Carbidopa or benserazide was added to ʟ-dopa in 1975 solely to control nausea. Subsequent to the increasing use of carbidopa has been the recognition of irreversible dyskinesias, which have automatically been attributed to ʟ-dopa. The research into the etiology of these phenomena has identified the causative agent of the irreversible dyskinesias as carbidopa, not ʟ-dopa. The mechanism of action of the carbidopa and benserazide causes irreversible binding and inactivation of vitamin B6 throughout the body. The consequences of this action are enormous, interfering with over 300 enzyme and protein functions. This has the ability to induce previously undocumented profound antihistamine dyskinesias, which have been wrongly attributed to ʟ-dopa and may be perceived as irreversible if proper corrective action is not taken. Keywords: vitamin B6, PLP, irreversible, pyridoxal 5'-phosphateHinz MStein ACole TDove Medical PressarticleTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENClinical Pharmacology: Advances and Applications, Vol 2014, Iss default, Pp 189-194 (2014) |
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Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 |
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Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Hinz M Stein A Cole T Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia |
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Marty Hinz,1 Alvin Stein,2 Ted Cole3 1Clinical Research, NeuroResearch Clinics, Cape Coral, FL, 2Stein Orthopedic Associates, Plantation, FL, 3Cole Center for Healing, Cincinnati, OH, USA Abstract: When ʟ-dopa use began in the early 1960s for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, nausea and reversible dyskinesias were experienced as continuing side effects. Carbidopa or benserazide was added to ʟ-dopa in 1975 solely to control nausea. Subsequent to the increasing use of carbidopa has been the recognition of irreversible dyskinesias, which have automatically been attributed to ʟ-dopa. The research into the etiology of these phenomena has identified the causative agent of the irreversible dyskinesias as carbidopa, not ʟ-dopa. The mechanism of action of the carbidopa and benserazide causes irreversible binding and inactivation of vitamin B6 throughout the body. The consequences of this action are enormous, interfering with over 300 enzyme and protein functions. This has the ability to induce previously undocumented profound antihistamine dyskinesias, which have been wrongly attributed to ʟ-dopa and may be perceived as irreversible if proper corrective action is not taken. Keywords: vitamin B6, PLP, irreversible, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate |
format |
article |
author |
Hinz M Stein A Cole T |
author_facet |
Hinz M Stein A Cole T |
author_sort |
Hinz M |
title |
Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia |
title_short |
Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia |
title_full |
Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia |
title_fullStr |
Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia |
title_sort |
parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia |
publisher |
Dove Medical Press |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/3085a805133f430c89d5345a01adf29a |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT hinzm parkinson39sdiseasecarbidopanauseaanddyskinesia AT steina parkinson39sdiseasecarbidopanauseaanddyskinesia AT colet parkinson39sdiseasecarbidopanauseaanddyskinesia |
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