Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia

Marty Hinz,1 Alvin Stein,2 Ted Cole3 1Clinical Research, NeuroResearch Clinics, Cape Coral, FL, 2Stein Orthopedic Associates, Plantation, FL, 3Cole Center for Healing, Cincinnati, OH, USA Abstract: When ʟ-dopa use began in the early 1960s for the treatment of Parkinson's disease,...

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Autores principales: Hinz M, Stein A, Cole T
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Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2014
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:3085a805133f430c89d5345a01adf29a2021-12-02T02:53:39ZParkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia1179-1438https://doaj.org/article/3085a805133f430c89d5345a01adf29a2014-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/parkinson39s-disease-carbidopa-nausea-and-dyskinesia-peer-reviewed-article-CPAAhttps://doaj.org/toc/1179-1438 Marty Hinz,1 Alvin Stein,2 Ted Cole3 1Clinical Research, NeuroResearch Clinics, Cape Coral, FL, 2Stein Orthopedic Associates, Plantation, FL, 3Cole Center for Healing, Cincinnati, OH, USA Abstract: When ʟ-dopa use began in the early 1960s for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, nausea and reversible dyskinesias were experienced as continuing side effects. Carbidopa or benserazide was added to ʟ-dopa in 1975 solely to control nausea. Subsequent to the increasing use of carbidopa has been the recognition of irreversible dyskinesias, which have automatically been attributed to ʟ-dopa. The research into the etiology of these phenomena has identified the causative agent of the irreversible dyskinesias as carbidopa, not ʟ-dopa. The mechanism of action of the carbidopa and benserazide causes irreversible binding and inactivation of vitamin B6 throughout the body. The consequences of this action are enormous, interfering with over 300 enzyme and protein functions. This has the ability to induce previously undocumented profound antihistamine dyskinesias, which have been wrongly attributed to ʟ-dopa and may be perceived as irreversible if proper corrective action is not taken. Keywords: vitamin B6, PLP, irreversible, pyridoxal 5'-phosphateHinz MStein ACole TDove Medical PressarticleTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENClinical Pharmacology: Advances and Applications, Vol 2014, Iss default, Pp 189-194 (2014)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Therapeutics. Pharmacology
RM1-950
spellingShingle Therapeutics. Pharmacology
RM1-950
Hinz M
Stein A
Cole T
Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia
description Marty Hinz,1 Alvin Stein,2 Ted Cole3 1Clinical Research, NeuroResearch Clinics, Cape Coral, FL, 2Stein Orthopedic Associates, Plantation, FL, 3Cole Center for Healing, Cincinnati, OH, USA Abstract: When ʟ-dopa use began in the early 1960s for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, nausea and reversible dyskinesias were experienced as continuing side effects. Carbidopa or benserazide was added to ʟ-dopa in 1975 solely to control nausea. Subsequent to the increasing use of carbidopa has been the recognition of irreversible dyskinesias, which have automatically been attributed to ʟ-dopa. The research into the etiology of these phenomena has identified the causative agent of the irreversible dyskinesias as carbidopa, not ʟ-dopa. The mechanism of action of the carbidopa and benserazide causes irreversible binding and inactivation of vitamin B6 throughout the body. The consequences of this action are enormous, interfering with over 300 enzyme and protein functions. This has the ability to induce previously undocumented profound antihistamine dyskinesias, which have been wrongly attributed to ʟ-dopa and may be perceived as irreversible if proper corrective action is not taken. Keywords: vitamin B6, PLP, irreversible, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
format article
author Hinz M
Stein A
Cole T
author_facet Hinz M
Stein A
Cole T
author_sort Hinz M
title Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia
title_short Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia
title_full Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia
title_fullStr Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia
title_full_unstemmed Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia
title_sort parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia
publisher Dove Medical Press
publishDate 2014
url https://doaj.org/article/3085a805133f430c89d5345a01adf29a
work_keys_str_mv AT hinzm parkinson39sdiseasecarbidopanauseaanddyskinesia
AT steina parkinson39sdiseasecarbidopanauseaanddyskinesia
AT colet parkinson39sdiseasecarbidopanauseaanddyskinesia
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