Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Urban Subjects during an Immersion in the Traditional Diet and Lifestyle of a Rainforest Village

ABSTRACT People living traditional lifestyles have higher gut microbiota diversity than urban subjects. We hypothesized that shifting lifestyles from an urban environment to a traditional rainforest village would lead to changes in the microbiota of visitors, which would become more similar to the m...

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Autores principales:	Kelly V. Ruggles, Jincheng Wang, Angelina Volkova, Monica Contreras, Oscar Noya-Alarcon, Orlana Lander, Hortensia Caballero, Maria G. Dominguez-Bello
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2018
Materias:	Amerindian diet microbiome Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/31012e07f2ff49ceacf4158dbc895145
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:31012e07f2ff49ceacf4158dbc8951452021-11-15T15:25:50ZChanges in the Gut Microbiota of Urban Subjects during an Immersion in the Traditional Diet and Lifestyle of a Rainforest Village10.1128/mSphere.00193-182379-5042https://doaj.org/article/31012e07f2ff49ceacf4158dbc8951452018-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSphere.00193-18https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5042ABSTRACT People living traditional lifestyles have higher gut microbiota diversity than urban subjects. We hypothesized that shifting lifestyles from an urban environment to a traditional rainforest village would lead to changes in the microbiota of visitors, which would become more similar to the microbiota of villagers. Here, we characterized at different time points the microbiota of 7 urban visitors (5 adults and 2 children) staying in a rainforest Amerindian village for 16 days and compared them with a reference collection of samples from age-matched local villagers. We performed a 16S rRNA gene survey of samples from multiple body sites (including fecal, oral, nasal, and skin samples) using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The main factor segregating the microbiotas of each body site was the human group (i.e., visitors versus villagers), with the visitor microbiota tending to have lower alpha diversity; the lowered alpha diversity was statistically significant in the microbiota of skin and in the children’s fecal and oral microbiota. During the rainforest period, all visitors experienced microbiota changes within their personal cloud of variation. For all body sites, the microbiota conformations in the visitor children better matched the microbiota conformations in villagers of the same age than did those of the visitor adults, which showed a lower “microbiota age” than the microbiota of the villagers. The results suggest higher stability in the adult microbiota, with the less resilient children’s microbiota responding more to dietary changes. IMPORTANCE Despite the limitations of a small study, our results evidence higher resilience of the gut microbiota with respect to dietary manipulation in adults than in children and urge further studies to understand the extent of microbiota plasticity in response to dietary changes and the mechanisms underlying microbiota resilience. These studies are relevant to the potential of future human pre- and probiotics in preventing or curing microbiota-associated diseases.Kelly V. RugglesJincheng WangAngelina VolkovaMonica ContrerasOscar Noya-AlarconOrlana LanderHortensia CaballeroMaria G. Dominguez-BelloAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleAmerindiandietmicrobiomeMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSphere, Vol 3, Iss 4 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Amerindian diet microbiome Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Amerindian diet microbiome Microbiology QR1-502 Kelly V. Ruggles Jincheng Wang Angelina Volkova Monica Contreras Oscar Noya-Alarcon Orlana Lander Hortensia Caballero Maria G. Dominguez-Bello Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Urban Subjects during an Immersion in the Traditional Diet and Lifestyle of a Rainforest Village
description	ABSTRACT People living traditional lifestyles have higher gut microbiota diversity than urban subjects. We hypothesized that shifting lifestyles from an urban environment to a traditional rainforest village would lead to changes in the microbiota of visitors, which would become more similar to the microbiota of villagers. Here, we characterized at different time points the microbiota of 7 urban visitors (5 adults and 2 children) staying in a rainforest Amerindian village for 16 days and compared them with a reference collection of samples from age-matched local villagers. We performed a 16S rRNA gene survey of samples from multiple body sites (including fecal, oral, nasal, and skin samples) using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The main factor segregating the microbiotas of each body site was the human group (i.e., visitors versus villagers), with the visitor microbiota tending to have lower alpha diversity; the lowered alpha diversity was statistically significant in the microbiota of skin and in the children’s fecal and oral microbiota. During the rainforest period, all visitors experienced microbiota changes within their personal cloud of variation. For all body sites, the microbiota conformations in the visitor children better matched the microbiota conformations in villagers of the same age than did those of the visitor adults, which showed a lower “microbiota age” than the microbiota of the villagers. The results suggest higher stability in the adult microbiota, with the less resilient children’s microbiota responding more to dietary changes. IMPORTANCE Despite the limitations of a small study, our results evidence higher resilience of the gut microbiota with respect to dietary manipulation in adults than in children and urge further studies to understand the extent of microbiota plasticity in response to dietary changes and the mechanisms underlying microbiota resilience. These studies are relevant to the potential of future human pre- and probiotics in preventing or curing microbiota-associated diseases.
format	article
author	Kelly V. Ruggles Jincheng Wang Angelina Volkova Monica Contreras Oscar Noya-Alarcon Orlana Lander Hortensia Caballero Maria G. Dominguez-Bello
author_facet	Kelly V. Ruggles Jincheng Wang Angelina Volkova Monica Contreras Oscar Noya-Alarcon Orlana Lander Hortensia Caballero Maria G. Dominguez-Bello
author_sort	Kelly V. Ruggles
title	Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Urban Subjects during an Immersion in the Traditional Diet and Lifestyle of a Rainforest Village
title_short	Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Urban Subjects during an Immersion in the Traditional Diet and Lifestyle of a Rainforest Village
title_full	Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Urban Subjects during an Immersion in the Traditional Diet and Lifestyle of a Rainforest Village
title_fullStr	Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Urban Subjects during an Immersion in the Traditional Diet and Lifestyle of a Rainforest Village
title_full_unstemmed	Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Urban Subjects during an Immersion in the Traditional Diet and Lifestyle of a Rainforest Village
title_sort	changes in the gut microbiota of urban subjects during an immersion in the traditional diet and lifestyle of a rainforest village
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/31012e07f2ff49ceacf4158dbc895145
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Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Urban Subjects during an Immersion in the Traditional Diet and Lifestyle of a Rainforest Village

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