Gender Differences and Postoperative Delirium in Adult Patients Undergoing Cardiac Valve Surgery

Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is common in patients following cardiac surgery. According to studies on non-cardiac surgery, males suffered from higher incidence of POD. However, there is no report about effect of gender differences on POD occurrence in cardiac surgery patients. The aim of...

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Autores principales:	Hongbai Wang, Xiaoxiao Guo, Xianlin Zhu, Yinan Li, Yuan Jia, Zhe Zhang, Su Yuan, Fuxia Yan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	gender cardiac surgery postoperative delirium adult risk factor Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system RC666-701
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/310fe2ca090141b3abd8be17ecf5e34e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:310fe2ca090141b3abd8be17ecf5e34e2021-11-30T12:16:16ZGender Differences and Postoperative Delirium in Adult Patients Undergoing Cardiac Valve Surgery2297-055X10.3389/fcvm.2021.751421https://doaj.org/article/310fe2ca090141b3abd8be17ecf5e34e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.751421/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2297-055XBackground: Postoperative delirium (POD) is common in patients following cardiac surgery. According to studies on non-cardiac surgery, males suffered from higher incidence of POD. However, there is no report about effect of gender differences on POD occurrence in cardiac surgery patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of gender differences on POD occurrence in adult patients after cardiac valve surgery.Methods: This is a retrospective case-control study. We recorded the clinical data in adult patients who underwent elective cardiac valve surgery from May 2019 to October 2020. POD was assessed by the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit. Univariate analysis was used to screen the potential risk factors. Collinearity analysis was conducted to detect overlapping predictor variables on the outcomes. A multivariate logistic regression with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to identify the independent risk factors. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was performed to show the good calibration of the logistic regression model.Results: In total, we recorded the perioperative data in 431 adult patients, including 212 males and 219 females. Sixty patients suffered from POD, including 39 males and 21 females. Twenty-one perioperative variables were selected, and 11 were screened by univariate analysis. We did not detect the severe collinearity among the 11 variables. Male gender was identified as a significant risk factor in POD occurrence in patients undergoing cardiac surgery (Adjusted OR: 2.213, 95% CI: 1.049–4.670, P = 0.037). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test demonstrated good calibration of the logistic regression model (χ2 = 7.238, P = 0.511). Besides, compared with females, the relationship of male and delirium subtypes was as follows: (1) hyperactive: adjusted OR: 3.384, 95% CI: 1.335–8.580, P = 0.010; (2) hypoactive: adjusted OR: 0.509, 95% CI: 0.147–1.766, P = 0.287. A Stratification analysis by age demonstrated that the males showed higher POD incidence in patients aged younger than 60 years (adjusted OR: 4.384, 95% CI: 1.318–14.586, P = 0.016).Conclusions: Male gender is an important risk factor in POD occurrence in patients following cardiac surgery. Furthermore, the incidence of hyperactive delirium is higher in males. Besides, the male patients aged younger than 60 years are at high risk of POD. We should pay more attention to the male patients to prevent their POD occurrence.Hongbai WangXiaoxiao GuoXianlin ZhuYinan LiYuan JiaZhe ZhangSu YuanFuxia YanFrontiers Media S.A.articlegendercardiac surgerypostoperative deliriumadultrisk factorDiseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) systemRC666-701ENFrontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	gender cardiac surgery postoperative delirium adult risk factor Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system RC666-701
spellingShingle	gender cardiac surgery postoperative delirium adult risk factor Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system RC666-701 Hongbai Wang Xiaoxiao Guo Xianlin Zhu Yinan Li Yuan Jia Zhe Zhang Su Yuan Fuxia Yan Gender Differences and Postoperative Delirium in Adult Patients Undergoing Cardiac Valve Surgery
description	Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is common in patients following cardiac surgery. According to studies on non-cardiac surgery, males suffered from higher incidence of POD. However, there is no report about effect of gender differences on POD occurrence in cardiac surgery patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of gender differences on POD occurrence in adult patients after cardiac valve surgery.Methods: This is a retrospective case-control study. We recorded the clinical data in adult patients who underwent elective cardiac valve surgery from May 2019 to October 2020. POD was assessed by the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit. Univariate analysis was used to screen the potential risk factors. Collinearity analysis was conducted to detect overlapping predictor variables on the outcomes. A multivariate logistic regression with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to identify the independent risk factors. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was performed to show the good calibration of the logistic regression model.Results: In total, we recorded the perioperative data in 431 adult patients, including 212 males and 219 females. Sixty patients suffered from POD, including 39 males and 21 females. Twenty-one perioperative variables were selected, and 11 were screened by univariate analysis. We did not detect the severe collinearity among the 11 variables. Male gender was identified as a significant risk factor in POD occurrence in patients undergoing cardiac surgery (Adjusted OR: 2.213, 95% CI: 1.049–4.670, P = 0.037). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test demonstrated good calibration of the logistic regression model (χ2 = 7.238, P = 0.511). Besides, compared with females, the relationship of male and delirium subtypes was as follows: (1) hyperactive: adjusted OR: 3.384, 95% CI: 1.335–8.580, P = 0.010; (2) hypoactive: adjusted OR: 0.509, 95% CI: 0.147–1.766, P = 0.287. A Stratification analysis by age demonstrated that the males showed higher POD incidence in patients aged younger than 60 years (adjusted OR: 4.384, 95% CI: 1.318–14.586, P = 0.016).Conclusions: Male gender is an important risk factor in POD occurrence in patients following cardiac surgery. Furthermore, the incidence of hyperactive delirium is higher in males. Besides, the male patients aged younger than 60 years are at high risk of POD. We should pay more attention to the male patients to prevent their POD occurrence.
format	article
author	Hongbai Wang Xiaoxiao Guo Xianlin Zhu Yinan Li Yuan Jia Zhe Zhang Su Yuan Fuxia Yan
author_facet	Hongbai Wang Xiaoxiao Guo Xianlin Zhu Yinan Li Yuan Jia Zhe Zhang Su Yuan Fuxia Yan
author_sort	Hongbai Wang
title	Gender Differences and Postoperative Delirium in Adult Patients Undergoing Cardiac Valve Surgery
title_short	Gender Differences and Postoperative Delirium in Adult Patients Undergoing Cardiac Valve Surgery
title_full	Gender Differences and Postoperative Delirium in Adult Patients Undergoing Cardiac Valve Surgery
title_fullStr	Gender Differences and Postoperative Delirium in Adult Patients Undergoing Cardiac Valve Surgery
title_full_unstemmed	Gender Differences and Postoperative Delirium in Adult Patients Undergoing Cardiac Valve Surgery
title_sort	gender differences and postoperative delirium in adult patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/310fe2ca090141b3abd8be17ecf5e34e
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Gender Differences and Postoperative Delirium in Adult Patients Undergoing Cardiac Valve Surgery

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