Evaluating potential sources of invasive wild pigs in Ontario

Abstract Invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa) are considered one of the most damaging species globally, and once they become established in an area, they are notoriously difficult to eliminate. As such, identifying the potential pathways of invasion, especially in places with emerging populations, is cri...

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Autores principales:	Erin L. Koen, Erica J. Newton, E. Hance Ellington
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	Canada feral swine invasion Ontario Sus scrofa wild boar farm Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3112cc6cb3b44c50be1cfd7a98c1c9c5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3112cc6cb3b44c50be1cfd7a98c1c9c52021-11-08T17:10:40ZEvaluating potential sources of invasive wild pigs in Ontario2045-775810.1002/ece3.8160https://doaj.org/article/3112cc6cb3b44c50be1cfd7a98c1c9c52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8160https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758Abstract Invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa) are considered one of the most damaging species globally, and once they become established in an area, they are notoriously difficult to eliminate. As such, identifying the potential pathways of invasion, especially in places with emerging populations, is critical for preventing new or continued invasion. Wild pigs have been reported in Ontario, Canada, in recent years. We tested four nonexclusive hypotheses about the source of wild pigs in Ontario: (a) escapees from captive sources within Ontario; (b) invasion from neighboring jurisdictions; (c) existing wild populations within Ontario; and (d) translocation and illegal release. We found that sightings of Eurasian wild boar were closer to premises with wild boar than were random locations; wild boar sightings were an average of 16.3 km (SD = 25.4 km, min = 0.2 km, n = 20) from premises with wild boar. We also found that sightings of domestic pigs were closer to domestic pig farms than expected. Sightings of wild pigs in groups of more than four animals were rare. Our results suggest that wild pigs observed in Ontario are recent escapes from captivity, recognizing that there may be established groups of wild pigs that we have not yet detected. While not common, we also received reports indicating that in the past, wild pigs have been translocated and illegally released. Other North American jurisdictions that have been successful at eliminating wild pigs have removed existing populations and changed regulations to limit future invasion, such as prohibiting possession and transport of wild boar and prohibiting hunting of wild pigs.Erin L. KoenErica J. NewtonE. Hance EllingtonWileyarticleCanadaferal swineinvasionOntarioSus scrofawild boar farmEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcology and Evolution, Vol 11, Iss 21, Pp 14744-14757 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Canada feral swine invasion Ontario Sus scrofa wild boar farm Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Canada feral swine invasion Ontario Sus scrofa wild boar farm Ecology QH540-549.5 Erin L. Koen Erica J. Newton E. Hance Ellington Evaluating potential sources of invasive wild pigs in Ontario
description	Abstract Invasive wild pigs (Sus scrofa) are considered one of the most damaging species globally, and once they become established in an area, they are notoriously difficult to eliminate. As such, identifying the potential pathways of invasion, especially in places with emerging populations, is critical for preventing new or continued invasion. Wild pigs have been reported in Ontario, Canada, in recent years. We tested four nonexclusive hypotheses about the source of wild pigs in Ontario: (a) escapees from captive sources within Ontario; (b) invasion from neighboring jurisdictions; (c) existing wild populations within Ontario; and (d) translocation and illegal release. We found that sightings of Eurasian wild boar were closer to premises with wild boar than were random locations; wild boar sightings were an average of 16.3 km (SD = 25.4 km, min = 0.2 km, n = 20) from premises with wild boar. We also found that sightings of domestic pigs were closer to domestic pig farms than expected. Sightings of wild pigs in groups of more than four animals were rare. Our results suggest that wild pigs observed in Ontario are recent escapes from captivity, recognizing that there may be established groups of wild pigs that we have not yet detected. While not common, we also received reports indicating that in the past, wild pigs have been translocated and illegally released. Other North American jurisdictions that have been successful at eliminating wild pigs have removed existing populations and changed regulations to limit future invasion, such as prohibiting possession and transport of wild boar and prohibiting hunting of wild pigs.
format	article
author	Erin L. Koen Erica J. Newton E. Hance Ellington
author_facet	Erin L. Koen Erica J. Newton E. Hance Ellington
author_sort	Erin L. Koen
title	Evaluating potential sources of invasive wild pigs in Ontario
title_short	Evaluating potential sources of invasive wild pigs in Ontario
title_full	Evaluating potential sources of invasive wild pigs in Ontario
title_fullStr	Evaluating potential sources of invasive wild pigs in Ontario
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluating potential sources of invasive wild pigs in Ontario
title_sort	evaluating potential sources of invasive wild pigs in ontario
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3112cc6cb3b44c50be1cfd7a98c1c9c5
work_keys_str_mv	AT erinlkoen evaluatingpotentialsourcesofinvasivewildpigsinontario AT ericajnewton evaluatingpotentialsourcesofinvasivewildpigsinontario AT ehanceellington evaluatingpotentialsourcesofinvasivewildpigsinontario
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Evaluating potential sources of invasive wild pigs in Ontario

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