Improving Therapeutic Vaccination against Hepatitis B—Insights from Preclinical Models of Immune Therapy against Persistent Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Chronic hepatitis B affects more than 250 million individuals worldwide, putting them at risk of developing liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. While antiviral immune responses are key to eliminating hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, insufficient antiviral immunity characterized by failure to elimin...

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Autores principales:	Percy A. Knolle, Li-Rung Huang, Anna Kosinska, Dirk Wohlleber, Ulrike Protzer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination therapeutic vaccination Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/312508e884104ee695c394701ea6736e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:312508e884104ee695c394701ea6736e2021-11-25T19:11:24ZImproving Therapeutic Vaccination against Hepatitis B—Insights from Preclinical Models of Immune Therapy against Persistent Hepatitis B Virus Infection10.3390/vaccines91113332076-393Xhttps://doaj.org/article/312508e884104ee695c394701ea6736e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/11/1333https://doaj.org/toc/2076-393XChronic hepatitis B affects more than 250 million individuals worldwide, putting them at risk of developing liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. While antiviral immune responses are key to eliminating hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, insufficient antiviral immunity characterized by failure to eliminate HBV-infected hepatocytes is associated with chronic hepatitis B. Prophylactic vaccination against hepatitis B successfully established protective immunity against infection with the hepatitis B virus and has been instrumental in controlling hepatitis B. However, prophylactic vaccination schemes have not been successful in mounting protective immunity to eliminate HBV infections in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on the development and efficacy of therapeutic vaccination strategies against chronic hepatitis B with particular emphasis on the pathogenetic understanding of dysfunctional anti-viral immunity. We explore the development of additional immune stimulation measures within tissues, in particular activation of immunogenic myeloid cell populations, and their use for combination with therapeutic vaccination strategies to improve the efficacy of therapeutic vaccination against chronic hepatitis B.Percy A. KnolleLi-Rung HuangAnna KosinskaDirk WohlleberUlrike ProtzerMDPI AGarticlehepatitis B virus (HBV)vaccinationtherapeutic vaccinationMedicineRENVaccines, Vol 9, Iss 1333, p 1333 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination therapeutic vaccination Medicine R
spellingShingle	hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination therapeutic vaccination Medicine R Percy A. Knolle Li-Rung Huang Anna Kosinska Dirk Wohlleber Ulrike Protzer Improving Therapeutic Vaccination against Hepatitis B—Insights from Preclinical Models of Immune Therapy against Persistent Hepatitis B Virus Infection
description	Chronic hepatitis B affects more than 250 million individuals worldwide, putting them at risk of developing liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. While antiviral immune responses are key to eliminating hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, insufficient antiviral immunity characterized by failure to eliminate HBV-infected hepatocytes is associated with chronic hepatitis B. Prophylactic vaccination against hepatitis B successfully established protective immunity against infection with the hepatitis B virus and has been instrumental in controlling hepatitis B. However, prophylactic vaccination schemes have not been successful in mounting protective immunity to eliminate HBV infections in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on the development and efficacy of therapeutic vaccination strategies against chronic hepatitis B with particular emphasis on the pathogenetic understanding of dysfunctional anti-viral immunity. We explore the development of additional immune stimulation measures within tissues, in particular activation of immunogenic myeloid cell populations, and their use for combination with therapeutic vaccination strategies to improve the efficacy of therapeutic vaccination against chronic hepatitis B.
format	article
author	Percy A. Knolle Li-Rung Huang Anna Kosinska Dirk Wohlleber Ulrike Protzer
author_facet	Percy A. Knolle Li-Rung Huang Anna Kosinska Dirk Wohlleber Ulrike Protzer
author_sort	Percy A. Knolle
title	Improving Therapeutic Vaccination against Hepatitis B—Insights from Preclinical Models of Immune Therapy against Persistent Hepatitis B Virus Infection
title_short	Improving Therapeutic Vaccination against Hepatitis B—Insights from Preclinical Models of Immune Therapy against Persistent Hepatitis B Virus Infection
title_full	Improving Therapeutic Vaccination against Hepatitis B—Insights from Preclinical Models of Immune Therapy against Persistent Hepatitis B Virus Infection
title_fullStr	Improving Therapeutic Vaccination against Hepatitis B—Insights from Preclinical Models of Immune Therapy against Persistent Hepatitis B Virus Infection
title_full_unstemmed	Improving Therapeutic Vaccination against Hepatitis B—Insights from Preclinical Models of Immune Therapy against Persistent Hepatitis B Virus Infection
title_sort	improving therapeutic vaccination against hepatitis b—insights from preclinical models of immune therapy against persistent hepatitis b virus infection
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/312508e884104ee695c394701ea6736e
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Improving Therapeutic Vaccination against Hepatitis B—Insights from Preclinical Models of Immune Therapy against Persistent Hepatitis B Virus Infection

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